Penal colonies (for recidivists). Adults convicted of Fraudulent Compensation for bankruptcy damage caused, exclusion from business and public offices. Adults convicted of Counterfeiting, Reformatories, forging cheques, fines, compensation public title-deeds, for damage, exclusion etc. from office. Adults convicted of Bigamy, substitution Seclusion for an or suppression indefinite period. of child Minors convicted of Theft, fraud, and Magisterial picking pockets reprimand, probation, reformatory, or agricultural colony. IV. Offenders Lacking in Industry _Offender_ _Penalty_ Beggars, vagabonds, Agricultural colony loafers for country offenders, workshop for city offenders. V. Offenders Deficient in Misoneism (Hatred of Change) _Offender_ _Penalty_ Political, social, and Temporary exile. religious rebels SYMBIOSIS The punishment of offenders and the protection of society from the insane are the two chief objects of criminal jurisprudence, but criminal anthropologists aim at something higher, the utilisation of anti-social elements, thus redeeming them completely and justifying their existence in the eyes of mankind and in the scheme of nature. We find, in fact, in nature numerous instances of a partnership for mutual benefit between animals and plants of very diverse species and tendencies. Lichens are a living symbiosis of algæ and fungi: the pagurus allows the actiniæ to settle on his dwelling, where they attract his prey and in return are housed and conveyed from place to place.