Cambrai, Peace of (1729), 15 Canada, _see_ New France Cap Rouge, Cartier winters at, 26; Roberval winters at, 28 Cartier, Jacques, sets out on first voyage of discovery, (1534), 16; a corsair, 16; former voyages, 17; reaches New World, 18; purpose of expedition, 19; returns home, 19; begins second voyage, 19-20; his ships, 20; winters at Stadacona, 21-23; learns of Great Lakes, 22; takes Indians to King, 23; account of voyage, 24; sails on third voyage from St. Malo (1541), 25; winters at Cap Rouge, 26; defies patron, Roberval, 27; personal characteristics, 29; later life, 29; death (1557), 29; bibliography, 29 Catalogne, Gedéon de, makes survey and maps of Quebec region (1712), 143-44; makes agricultural census, 184 Cataraqui (Kingston), fort established at, 85-86; La Salle receives grant of land at, 103 _Chaleurs, Baie des_, 18 Champlain, Samuel de, born at Brouage (1567), 33; sails with expedition of De Chastes (1603), 33; personal characteristics, 33-34; embarks as chief geographer (1604), 35; winters at St. Croix, 36-37; _Order de Bon Temps_, 38; returns to France, 39; sails again for the St. Lawrence (1608), 39; raid against the Iroquois, 41; seeks western passage to Cathay, 44; takes journeys into interior (1613 and 1616), 44-47; journals, 47; as viceroy's deputy, 48; surrenders to English, 51-52; returns to Quebec as representative of Company of One Hundred Associates, 52; death (1635), 53; appreciation of, 53-54 Champlain, Lake, 41 Chastes, Amyar, Sieur de, 32, 33, 34. Chauvin of Honfleur, 32 Church in New France, loyalty to, 113; Récollets, 115; Jesuits, 116 _et seq_.; aid to civil power, 127-28; revenues, 129-130; _see also_ Jesuits Colbert, Jean Baptiste, personal characteristics, 8; interest in colonial ventures, 8-9; plans for French interest, 60-61; plans fleet of merchant vessels, 197-98 Courcelle, Daniel de Rémry, Sieur de, Governor of New France, 75 Coureurs-de-bois, attack Indians (1687), 95-96; kind of men engaged as, 161-62; number, 162-63; leaders, 163-64; methods of trading, 165 et seq.; licenses granted to, 172 Crèvecoeur, Fort, 106, 107 D'Ailleboust, Governor of New France, 55 Denonville, Marquis de, Governor of New France, 94 Donnacona, head of Indian village, 23 Duchesneau, Jacques, Intendant of New France, 88; quarrels with Frontenac, 89-91; recalled, 91 Du Lhut, Daniel Greysolon, 87, 95, 131 Dumesnil, Péronne, 73 Education in New France, 130-132 England, early explorations, 15, 16; colonial ventures, 49