This similarity of angles in the cases of the two pairs of triclinic and
monoclinic compounds is not only true about particular zones, but about
all the zones, so that it is a case isomorphism rather than of isogonism
(morphotropy). The similarity of optical properties is also very close,
and so much so in the cases of the monoclinic crystals of ethyl and
propyl triphenyl pyrrholone that both exhibit very high dispersion of
the optic axes. In the case of the propyl derivative the difference
between the apparent angle of the optic axes for red lithium light and
for green thallium light amounts to 11°. In the case of the ethyl
compound this difference is enhanced so considerably that the crystals
afford a remarkable instance of dispersion of the optic axes in crossed
axial planes, resembling the case of gypsum discovered by Mitscherlich
and described in the last chapter, except that the sensitiveness is to
change of wave-length in the illuminating light rather than to change of
temperature. The optic axial plane is perpendicular to the symmetry
plane for lithium and sodium light, as it is also in the case of the
propyl compound; but in the ethyl derivative it crosses over for
thallium light and rays beyond that towards the violet, into a plane at
right angles to the former plane, namely, the symmetry plane itself. The
total dispersion between the two axes as separated in the one plane for
red light, and as separated in the other perpendicular plane for blue
light, is more than 70°. Fig. 58, Plate XIII., shows the nature of the
interference figures afforded in convergent polarised light of different
wave-lengths by a section-plate perpendicular to the first median line.
The figure at _f_ represents what is observed in white light, as far as
is possible by a drawing in black and white. It consists of a series of
concave coloured curves, falling in between the arms of the cross, and
looping round the axes, a figure very much like that afforded by
brookite and triple tartrate of ammonium, potassium, and sodium, the
substances already mentioned in Chapter VII. as being similarly very
sensitive to change of wave-length. The figure in red monochromatic
lithium light is shown at _a_ in Fig. 58, and that for yellow sodium
light at _b_, the axes being now much closer together. On changing to
green thallium light the line joining the optic axes becomes vertical
instead of horizontal, as shown at _d_.
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