When, instead of employing monochromatic flames, the spectroscopic
monochromatic illuminator (Fig. 75, page 193), described by the author
some years ago to the Royal Society, is employed to illuminate the
polariscope, the source of light being the electric arc, the change of
the figure from that given by the extreme red of the spectrum to that
afforded by the violet may be beautifully followed, and the exact
wave-length in the greenish yellow determined for which the crossing
occurs and an apparently uniaxial figure of circular rings and
rectangular cross is produced. For it is possible with the aid of this
illuminator directly to observe the production of the uniaxial figure.
The wave-length is either directly afforded by the graduation of the
fine-adjustment micrometric drum or is obtained from a curve of
wave-lengths, constructed to correspond to the circle readings of the
illuminator. The appearance of the interference figure for this critical
wave-length is shown at _c_ in Fig. 58. The remaining figure at _e_
represents the appearance when a mixture of sodium and thallium light is
employed, which clearly indicates the four extreme axial positions, and
assists in elucidating the nature of the figure _f_ exhibited in white
light.
The second form of the propyl derivative belongs to the rhombic system,
and a similar rhombic form of the ethyl compound was once obtained, but
lost again on attempting to recrystallise.
These interesting relationships of the homologous methyl, ethyl, and
propyl derivatives of triphenyl pyrrholone thus appear to form a
connecting link between cases of isogonism or morphotropy and of true
isomorphism.
[Illustration:
_PLATE XIII._
FIG. 58.—Interference Figures in Convergent Polarised Light of
different Wave-lengths afforded by the Monoclinic Variety of Ethyl
Triphenyl Pyrrholone; _a_, in Red Lithium Light; _b_, in Yellow
Sodium Light; _c_, in Greenish-Yellow Light of the Critical
Wave-length for Production of the Uniaxial Figure; _d_, in Green
Thallium Light; _e_, in mixed Sodium and Thallium Light; and _f_, in
White Light.
(Reproductions of Drawings by the author.)
]
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