These numbers show at a glance what a part the railway plays in supplying
animal food to the metropolis, and how trifling in comparison is the
amount that travels up on foot. The Eastern Counties lines, penetrating
and monopolizing the rich breeding and fattening districts of Norfolk and
Essex, bring up the largest share. Many of the little black cattle, that
tourists see in Scotland climbing the hills like cats, come directly from
these counties, having some months before been sent thither from their
native north to clothe their bones with English substance. By the same
line we receive a fair portion of that great foreign contribution to our
larders, the mere shadow of which so frightened our graziers some years
ago, principally Danish stock, which finds its way from Tonning to
Lowestoff, a route newly opened up by the North of Europe Steam-ship
Company. The North-Western is next in rank as a carrier of live stock.
This line takes in the contributions from the Midland Counties, and, by
way of Liverpool, abundance of Irish and Scotch cattle. The Great Northern
is perhaps destined to surpass both in the quantities of food it will
eventually pour into London, running as it does through the northern
breeding districts, and receiving at its extremity the herds which come
from Aberdeen and its neighbourhood.
The foreign supply last year of cattle, sheep, pigs, and calves, was more
than a seventh of the entire number sent to London. The daily bills of
entries at the Custom House furnishes us with a valuable indication of the
fields from which we have already received, and may in future expect to
receive still further additions of what Englishmen greatly covet--good
beef and mutton at a moderate price. The arrivals by steam in the port of
London in 1853 were as follows:--
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| _From_ |_Oxen._| _Sheep._ | _Calves._|_Pigs._|_Total._|
|-----------------|-------|----------|----------|-------|--------|
|Holland | 40,538| 172,730| 24,280| 9,370| 246,918|
|Denmark | 9,487| 7,515| 60| .. | 17,062|
|Hanseatic Towns | 4,366| 37,443| 1| 632| 42,442|
|Belgium | 449| 12,006| 1,244| .. | 13,699|
|France | 105| 224| 135| 129| 593|
|Portugal | 100| .. | .. | .. | 100|
|Spain | 17| .. | .. | .. | 17|
|Russia | 3| .. | .. | .. | 3|
| |-------|----------|----------|-------|--------|
|Total | 55,065| 229,918| 25,720| 10,131| 320,834|
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