Curiosities of Science, Past and Present: A Book for Old and YoungTimbs, John
Science
Curiosities of Science, Past and Present: A Book for Old and Young
Timbs, John
Science
It may not be generally known that, while yet a child, at your
native town, Axminster in Devonshire, ammonites, obtained by your
father from the lime quarries in the neighbourhood, were presented
to your attention. As a scholar at Winchester, the chalk, with its
flints, was brought under your observation, and there it was that
your collections in natural history first began. Removed to Oxford,
as a scholar of Corpus Christi College, the future teacher of
geology in that University was fortunate in meeting with congenial
tastes in our colleague Mr. W. J. Broderip, then a student at Oriel
College. It was during your walks together to Shotover Hill, when
his knowledge of conchology was so valuable to you, enabling you
to distinguish the shells of the Oxford oolite, that you laid the
foundation for those field-lectures, forming part of your course
of geology at Oxford, which no one is likely to forget who has
been so fortunate at any time as to have attended them. The fruits
of your walks with Mr. Broderip formed the nucleus of that great
collection, more especially remarkable for the organic remains
it contains, which, after the labours of forty years, you have
presented to the Geological Museum at Oxford, in grave recollection
of the aid which the endowments of that University, and the leisure
of its vacations, had afforded you for extensive travelling during
a residence at Oxford of nearly forty-five years.
DISCOVERIES OF M. AGASSIZ.[34]
This great paleontologist, in the course of his ichthyological
researches, was led to perceive that the arrangement by Cuvier
according to organs did not fulfil its purpose with regard to fossil
fishes, because in the lapse of ages the characteristics of their
structures were destroyed. He therefore adopted the only other
remaining plan, and studied the tissues, which, being less complex
than the organs, are oftener found intact. The result was the very
remarkable discovery, that the tegumentary membrane of fishes is so
intimately connected with their organisation, that if the whole of the
fish has perished except this membrane, it is practicable, by noting
its characteristics, to reconstruct the animal in its most essential
parts. Of the value of this principle of harmony, some idea may be
formed from the circumstance, that on it Agassiz has based the whole
of that celebrated classification of which he is the sole author, and
by which fossil ichthyology has for the first time assumed a precise
and definite shape. How essential its study is to the geologist appears
from the remark of Sir Roderick Murchison, that “fossil fishes have
every where proved the most exact chronometer of the age of rocks.”
SUCCESSION OF LIFE IN TIME.
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