In spite of the terms of the peace treaty, which recognizes the right of self-determination for these Caucasian regions, the Turkish Army is advancing toward Kars and Ardahan, destroying the country and killing the Christian population. The responsibility for the future destiny of the Armenians lies entirely with Germany because it was Germany's insistence that resulted in the withdrawal of the Russian troops from the Armenian regions, and at the moment it rests with Germany to prevent the habitual excesses of the Turkish troops, increased by revengefulness and anger. INTERNAL SITUATION The internal situation in Russia proper remains uncertain, nor have any definite changes taken place in the mood of the people or in the Governmental policies of the Bolsheviki. It is charged that the Bolshevist Government suppressed the full text of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. On April 10 the Commissioner of Commerce of the Bolsheviki announced that under the terms of the peace treaty Russia had suffered the following losses: Seven hundred and eighty thousand square kilometers (301,000 square miles) of territory. Fifty-six million inhabitants, constituting 32 per cent, of the entire population of the country. One-third of Russia's total mileage of railways, amounting to 21,530 kilometers, (13,350 miles.) Seventy-three per cent. of the total iron production. Eighty-nine per cent. of the total coal production. Two hundred and sixty-eight sugar refineries, 918 textile factories, 574 breweries, 133 tobacco factories, 1,685 distilleries, 244 chemical factories, 615 paper mills, 1,073 machine factories. These territories, which now become German, formerly brought in annual revenue amounting to 845,238 rubles, and had 1,800 savings banks. The alarming sweep of the Teutonic invasion, together with the growing realization of what the Brest-Litovsk agreement really means to Russia, seemed finally to arouse some spirit of resistance in the Russian masses. Patriarch Tikhon declared that the Russian Church could not recognize a peace dismembering the country and subjecting it to a foreign power. Since the ratification the spokesmen of the Bolshevist Government have not ceased talking of organizing a large army for a new war. The prevalent Bolshevist opinion is that the new revolutionary army should be used, in the words of the semi-official Bolshevist organ Pravda, "not to strengthen, as the imperialists calculate, this or that bourgeois front, but to turn the front of the world war into a front of the workers' and soldiers' revolution." [Illustration: The United States Congress in wartime, including nearly all the members of the House, on the steps of the Capitol (© _Harris & Ewing_)] [Illustration: An American first aid station in the trenches in France (© _Committee on Public Information_)] TALK OF NEW ARMY