Folklore; Manners and customs; Mythology; Religion
There are only two systems possible in which the irrational element in
mythology can be accounted for. One school takes the irrational as a
matter of fact; and if we read that Daphne fled before Phoebus, and
was changed into a laurel tree, that school would say that there
probably was a young lady called Aurora, like, for instance, Aurora
Konigsmark; that a young man called Robin, or possibly a man with red
hair, pursued her, and that she hid behind a laurel tree that happened
to be there. This was the theory of Euhemeros, re-established by the
famous Abbe Bernier [Mr. Muller doubtless means Banier], and not quite
extinct even now. According to another school, the irrational element
in mythology is inevitable, and due to the influence of language on
thought, so that many of the legends of gods and heroes may be
rendered intelligible if only we can discover the original meaning of
their proper names. The followers of this school try to show that
Daphne, the laurel tree, was an old name for the dawn, and that
Phoibos was one of the many names of the sun, who pursued the dawn
till she vanished before his rays. Of these two schools, the former
has always appealed to the mythologies of savage nations, as showing
that gods and heroes were originally human beings, worshipped after
their death as ancestors and as gods, while the latter has confined
itself chiefly to an etymological analysis of mythological names in
Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, and other languages, such as had been
sufficiently studied to admit of a scientific, grammatical, and
etymological treatment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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