Folklore; Manners and customs; Mythology; Religion
There are only two systems possible in which the irrational
element in mythology can be accounted for. One school takes
the irrational as a matter of fact; and if we read that
Daphne fled from Phœbus, and was changed into a laurel tree,
that school would say that there probably was a young lady
called Aurora, like, for instance, Aurora Königsmark; that a
young man called Robin, or possibly a man with red hair,
pursued her, and that she hid behind a laurel tree that
happened to be there. This was the theory of Euhemeros,
re-established by the famous Abbé Bernier [Mr. Müller
doubtless means Banier], and not quite extinct even now.
According to another school, the irrational element in
mythology is inevitable, and due to the influence of language
on thought, so that many of the legends of gods and heroes
may be rendered intelligible if only we can discover the
original meaning of their proper names. The followers of this
school try to show that Daphne, the laurel tree, was an old
name for the dawn, and that Phoibos was one of the many names
of the sun, who pursued the dawn till she vanished before his
rays. Of these two schools, the former has always appealed to
the mythologies of savage nations, as showing that gods and
heroes were originally human beings, worshipped after their
death as ancestors and as gods, while the latter has confined
itself chiefly to an etymological analysis of mythological
names in Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, and other languages,
such as had been sufficiently studied to admit of a
scientific, grammatical, and etymological treatment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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