Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 04 (of 10)American School of Correspondence
General
Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 04 (of 10)
American School of Correspondence
Accounting; Business; Commerce
Accounts 92 to 94, inclusive, are closed into a delivery expense
account.
95. _Depreciation--Buildings._ Credited monthly with current charges
for depreciation.
96, 97, and 98. Handled the same as No. 95.
Accounts 95 and 98 are closed into a depreciation adjustment account.
[Illustration: Manufacturing Ledger with Closing Entries]
[Illustration: Manufacturing Ledger with Closing Entries]
[Illustration: Manufacturing Ledger with Closing Entries]
The illustrations (pp. 48-50) show how all of these accounts are
assembled into main groups, and finally closed into profit and loss,
and capital accounts. An explanation of the accounts in the harness
department will be sufficient to show how all of the accounts are
treated.
Harness manufacturing, account _A_, is charged with accounts 34 to 39,
inclusive, and the proper portion of account _D_. It is credited with
the cost of all finished goods, the amount being transferred to account
_E_, harness trading. It is credited with the increase in inventories
over the preceding month, this amount being transferred to account 40;
if inventories show a decrease, the amount is charged.
Harness trading, account _E_, is charged with cost of finished goods
from account _A_; with account 64; with gross profits, transferred to
profit and loss, account _H_. It is credited with sales, account 63;
with increase in inventory, account 65.
Gross profits on account of trading are closed into profit and loss.
Inventory adjustment accounts Nos. 40 and 65, are still open and the
balances show total inventories. The actual amounts of inventories are
transferred to accounts 4 to 7, inclusive. This will leave a balance
in inventory adjustment account No. 40, representing work in process
in the harness factory. These inventory adjustment accounts are closed
only at the end of the fiscal year, or when the books are closed. At
the beginning of a new fiscal period the inventories are again charged
to inventory adjustment accounts, and adjusting entries made monthly in
manufacturing and trading accounts.
REVIEW QUESTIONS.
PRACTICAL TEST QUESTIONS.
In the foregoing sections of this Cyclopedia numerous illustrative
examples are worked out in detail in order to show the application of
the various methods and principles. Accompanying these are examples for
practice which will aid the reader in fixing the principles in mind.
In the following pages are given a large number of test questions
and problems which afford a valuable means of testing the reader's
knowledge of the subjects treated. They will be found excellent
practice for those preparing for Civil Service Examinations. In some
cases numerical answers are given as a further aid in this work.
REVIEW QUESTIONS ON THE SUBJECT OF THEORY OF ACCOUNTS
PART I
1. Name three objects of bookkeeping.
2. Define and give examples of three classes of debits; of credits.
3. What are the general rules for debit and credit?
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