Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)American School of Correspondence
General
Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)
American School of Correspondence
Accounting; Business; Commerce
If posting is from the sales book, the ledger should be placed to the
right of the sales book and the slip to the right of the ledger. After
the item is entered in the ledger it is posted to the slip. When the
work is completed the slip is footed and compared with the footing of
the sales book. If the footings agree, it is quite evident that the
correct amounts have been posted to the ledger, for it is scarcely
possible that an incorrect amount has been posted to the ledger and the
correct amount entered on the slip.
A further daily proof may be had by inserting a blank slip of paper in
the ledger wherever an item is posted. At the end of the day these
ledger accounts are referred to, the amounts are drawn off, and total
postings compared with the totals of the checking slips from the
different books.
When postings are not checked daily a form should be prepared to which
daily totals will be carried. Columns are provided for each book from
which posted, and these are footed at the end of the month and compared
with the footings of the books. If the ledger does not balance a
comparison of this proof slip with the column footings of the books will
show in which book the error has been made. The form of the monthly
proof slip is illustrated in Fig. 19.
SPECIAL ACCOUNTING FORMS
=21.= Bookkeeping, if it is to fulfil its mission, must furnish a
complete record of the transactions of a business. The record must show,
as well, the results of each transaction or class of transactions, with
respect to their bearing on the business as a whole, or on specific
sections or departments of that business. From a mere record of personal
debits and credits, bookkeeping has grown into a detailed history of a
business.
The principles of bookkeeping are the same regardless of the nature,
size, or condition of a business. But different businesses require
different kinds of information; vital facts in one business may be
valueless in another. The success or failure of each depends upon
certain elements which must be recorded in its history. It is the work
of the bookkeeper to record these facts—to write the history of the
business in language that will be understood by anyone who may read it.
Laying out the business history is the work of the accountant. He makes
an analysis of those elements which bear on the success of the business,
and determines what facts, when properly recorded, will furnish the
clearest and most understandable history. And when he has determined
what facts should be recorded he must plan how they are to be
recorded—in what form they will present the most concise history of
business transactions. His work should result in a system of bookkeeping
that will present the most vitally important information, with a minimum
expenditure of labor.
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