Roumanian cities use concrete grain elevators, 216 Rubber manufacture, inventor of, 53 Ruff, John, 38, 40 Russia, farm laborers received no wages in, 123; in war with Japan, 204; development of, 228; wheat production, consumption, and exportation in, 242; famines in, 242 Russian army in Sweden (1809), 4 Russo-Japanese War, 204 S Sailors become farmers, 11 St. Louis, Mo., 73, 216 Sales system of Cyrus H. McCormick, 47, 78 _et seq._ Saratoga, N. Y., 7 Sault Ste. Marie Canal, 210 Sauvage, inventor of screw propeller, 53 School attended by Cyrus H. McCormick, 26 Scotch-Irish, the, 17-23, 25, 29 Scotland, 18, 74 Screw propeller, inventor of, 53 Scribner, Charles, publisher, 21 Scythe, invention of, 5 Secession, War of, 100, 166-168, 191, 192 Self-binders, 110-115, 117, 118, 121, 208-210, 238 Self-rake Reapers, 106, 107, 110, 114 Self-sizing device, Gorham's invention of, 117 Seneca, quoted, 154 Serfs, 15, 124 Servia, conditions in (1809), 4 Sèvres porcelain, 53 Seward, William H., 91, 98, 155 Sewerage, none in Chicago when Cyrus H. McCormick came, 70 Sewing-machine, 17, 49, 69, 131, 210 Seymour, Morgan & Co., 66, 116, 119, 120 Sheffield steel used in manufacture of Reapers, 74 Sherwood farm, near Elgin, Ill., 111 Shipping, Chicago becomes centre for, 73, 215 Siberia, Russia seeking seaport for, 204; wheat crop of, 209, 217; railway across, 212; development of, 228; might take lesson from Red River Valley, 231 Sickle, its use in 1809, 5 Side-draught construction of Reaper, 33, 34 Side-delivery machine, first practical, 46 Skulls, pyramid of, 4 Slaves, work of, 191 Smith, Abraham, 60, 62 Smith, Joshua, 57 Smith, Sidney, 130 Social conditions in 1809, 7-9 Solomon, 206 South Carolina, 97 Spain, in 1809, 4; wheat imported by, 241 Spaulding, George H., 115 Speculators, grain, 224, 225 Spencer, Herbert, 51 Spring, Charles, 143 Stanton, Edwin M., 91, 99 Staunton, Virginia, 2, 40, 57, 58, 60 Steamboat, invention of, 210 Steele, Eliza, 37 Steele, John, 37, 40 Steele's Tavern, Virginia, 37 Stewart, A. T., 21, 81 Stock-yards not located at Chicago when Cyrus H. McCormick came, 70 Storage of wheat, 213, 214 Suez Canal, 70, 210 Sulina, 217, 218 Surveying, Cyrus H. McCormick's study of, 27 Sweden in 1809, 4; speculation in grain in, 224; wheat production in, 241, 242 Switzerland, 225, 242 T Taylor, Dr., 40 Taylor, Hon. William, 39, 40 Tecumseh, 4 Tehuantepec Inter-Ocean Railroad, 144 Telegraph, 49, 50, 70, 131, 210 Telephone, 210 Temperance society at Saratoga, 7 Tennessee, Scotch-Irish in, 20; first Reaper purchased in, 63; comparison of grain production of, 242 Tennyson, 1, 51 Texas, Scotch-Irish in, 20; not in the Union in 1831, 51 Theatres in early Chicago, 70, 71