FORMULA (pl. FORMULÆ). The arrangement of syllables or signs to denote a set of finger-prints. FURROW. The hollow line between ridges, a _sulcus_. HOOK. A =J=-like figure in any position. INDEX FINGER. The finger used in pointing. JUNCTION. Where two lineations meet or break off. LINEATION. A line as printed, whether ridge or furrow. LOOP. A curved line which returns on itself. MICROMETER. An instrument like a pair of compasses, used for fine measurements. MIRROR PATTERN. The reverse (exact) image of a given figure. NEGATIVE. A print in which the ridges are white and furrows black, as when smoked glass is used. PALMAR. Of front surface of the hand. PAPILLA (pl. PAPILLÆ). Elements in a ridge where touch organs are. “PHOTOGRAPH.” Used sometimes legally for finger-prints. POCKET LOOP. A variety of imperfect loop. POSITIVE. A finger-print where ridges appear black (or other colour of pigment used) and furrows are white. PRIMATES. An order of animals, including lemurs, monkeys, apes, and man. RADIAL. The thumb side of the hand (opposed to _Ulnar_.) RECOGNITION. An identification. RECIDIVIST. A relapsing or incorrigible criminal. RIDGE. A line of skin tissue, elevated, with sweat-pores. ROD. A figure like a rod. ROLLED PRINT. A finger-print not taken by direct or plain impress, but by a revolution of the inked surface on flat paper. RUGA (pl. RUGÆ). A ridge. SEARCHER. One who seeks for a former registration. SEBACEOUS. Of the greasy excretion of the skin. SMUDGE. A blurred or dull imprint. STAPLE. A figure like a =U= inverted; thus, [U]. SUDOR. Sweat. SUDORIPAROUS. Of sweat, sweat-yielding. SULCUS (pl. SULCI). A skin groove or furrow. TWINNED LOOP. Two adjoining loops in a core, complementary in position. TENTED ARCH. An arch shaped like a tent or volcanic mountain. TERMINUS. A term used for distinctive points within and without a core. ULNAR. The little finger side of the hand. (Opposed to _Radial_). VERSO. May be used for an imprint as the converse of the fleshy pattern. WHORL. A flat spiral figure. WIDDERSHINS. The reverse of a clock-hand’s movement. SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY. ASQUITH’S COMMITTEE.--[Blue Book.] “Identification of Habitual Criminals,” 1894. CLEMENS, S. L. (Mark Twain.).--“Pudd’nhead Wilson” A story illustrating the principles of Finger-Print Identification. DARWIN, CHARLES.--“Origin of Species,” 1859; “Descent of Man,” 1871. DEVON, JAMES.--“The Criminal and the Community,” 1912. “ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA.”--“Finger Prints,” etc., 1911. FAULDS, HENRY.--“On the Skin-furrows of the hands,” (_Nature_, chap. xxii., p. 605), 1880; “Dactyloscopy” (St. Thomas’s Hospital _Gazette_), January, 1904; “Guide to Finger-Print Identification,” 1905; “Finger Prints: a chapter in the History of their use for Personal Identification,” (_Knowledge_), April, 1911.