[10] “To-day we take baths as a matter of course. Apart from the pleasure of washing and of having washed, we know that soft warm water can remove ‘the dried-up epidermis or scarf-skin, the deposit of sweaty and oily matter, to say nothing of the dirt and impurities derived from the air and the particles rubbed off from our clothing.’ But ‘we realise with difficulty that the bath was but rarely met with in houses built even forty years ago. Bathing in those days, and therefore, of course, swimming, formed no portion of the school curriculum, the gradual introduction of first one, and then the other, being among the salutary results of recent educational development.’”--Dr. Malcolm Morris, in “The Book of Health.” [11] An open-air treatment can now be had at “Broadlands,” Medstead (Hampshire). [12] “Many think with Herbert Spencer [who, however, holds that ‘imperfections of nature may be diminished by wise management’] that education is useless or almost powerless; that human evolution is ruled by heredity.... This modern conception, which accords to heredity a power at least equal to that ascribed by ancient poets to Fate, is assuredly excessive.... Education may supervene efficaciously; it succeeds in giving birth to _artificial instincts_ capable of balancing the hereditary instincts, and even of suppressing them; in short, of substituting for innate ancestral habit an acquired individual habit.”--Professors Proust and Ballet. [13] “In the earliest times of the human race ... to prompt people to take exercise meant only to induce them to do their daily work. In later times, however, and especially in the world of to-day as we know it, the multiplication of industries has placed many classes in such a position that exercise is something independent of, and has to be added on to, their daily employment.... The clerk at his desk and the merchant at his counter; the tailor in his crooked position and the milliner at her seam; the printer setting up type from morning till night; the workers, or rather watchers, at manufactories ... have one and all forgotten that their lower extremities are meant to carry them about.... Every departure (from the physically active life) may be an intellectual advance, but a muscular retrocession--a social gain, but a physical decline. Such being the case, it is evident that a great change either in the physique, or in the means of obtaining exercise so as to maintain that physique, must have taken place; and when we come to look at it we shall find that _but few of the employments of the present day carry with them a sufficiency of exercise_.”--Dr. James Cantlie, in “The Book of Health.” [14] In America the Y.M.C.A. Clubs are, we believe, almost invariably athletic, if not primarily, at least essentially.