It is true that certain agents of the British, such as Caldwell and
McKee, were guilty of the worst kind of atrocities in their dealings
with the American settlers; but these were men of the Simon Girty
stamp, natural blackguards, for whose actions their superiors cannot
be justly held accountable. It would be difficult to find in human
history records of more cruel and bloody deeds than some of those
attributable to men amongst the Kentucky pioneers themselves, but the
historian who should blame the settlers as a body, or their leaders,
for the villanies of such brutes as Greathouse, or Lewis Wetzel, could
not more effectually prove his unreliability.
It was well understood that the Governor of Canada was doing his
utmost to encourage and aid the Indians in the war which all felt to
be imminent, but it remained for Clark to devise the daring scheme of
crippling the enemy by adopting the policy of Hannibal in his conflict
with the Carthaginians, when he “carried the war into Africa.” Clark
conceived that the most effective way of defending Kentucky lay in
attacking the posts in the British territory on the north. He hoped
thus to keep the garrisons in Canada too busy in their own defence
to consider aggressive action, and also to curtail the supplies of
ammunition that they would be willing to give to the Indians. The
former object was of vital importance, for had they enjoyed freedom of
movement during this momentous period, a few small bodies of English
with cannon might have enabled the Indians to clear Kentucky of the
American colonists.
Clark’s plan met with the approval of the authorities in Virginia and
he was permitted to raise a body of one hundred and fifty men, and was
furnished with tents, supplies and ammunition. It was a very small
force for such an ambitious enterprise, but the leader was a man of
dauntless courage and resource and the men were picked fighters who had
the utmost confidence in their captain. The whole-souled devotedness
that Clark inspired in his followers, and the willing manner in which
they coöperated in his most hazardous plans, mark him as one of the
truly great leaders that this nation has produced. Had his exploits
been performed in the full limelight of the revolutionary stage,
instead of in the shadow of the wings, he must have attained to a
greatly wider fame than actually fell to his lot.
In May, 1778, Clark and his force, which had been somewhat increased
by the addition of a score or so of Kentucky volunteers, descended
the Ohio in flat-bottom boats as far as the mouth of the Tennessee,
where preparations were made for the advance upon the Illinois posts.
At this juncture the leader was extremely fortunate to fall in with
some American hunters who had recently been in the French settlements.
From these friends he acquired useful information, and secured their
services as guides.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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