If, therefore, Dante looked up the position of Venus in this almanac,
he would very naturally take the 1301 positions for 1300, and he would
find that Venus was in Aquarius throughout March, until the 27th, when
she passed into the sign of Pisces, and therefore was a morning star
during the whole month and also in April. And he would find that Saturn
was in the 7th and 8th degrees of Leo in March and April 1300 (which
was very nearly correct).[562]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[562] It is important to observe that this suits the description of
the “Lion’s breast” better than the 20th and 21st degrees (Almanach
positions for 1301), if Dante, as usual in the _Divina Commedia_,
identifies the constellation with the sign.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
It appears then that while certain expressions used in the _Divine
Comedy_ prove clearly that 1301 is not the year assumed as the date of
the Vision, the astronomical argument in favour of it is not strong
enough to be convincing, especially in the light of this recent
discovery.
Granting that 1300 was the year, what was the day? Probably not March
25, for the early commentators, excepting only Boccaccio in one
passage, are all in favour of Good Friday, and Dante might see in the
Almanac that the moon was not full on that date. But neither was she
full on the actual date of Good Friday, which fell on April 8 in 1300;
moreover the sun was then so far advanced in Aries that seven days
later, when Dante describes it as a little past the equinox, it would
really have been in Taurus. The third and only possibility is to accept
the theory that his moon and his day were ideal; that is, he simply
assumed Good Friday and a full moon to occur together soon after the
equinox, with which both are so intimately associated. The date of
Easter is not given in the old almanac, and we have seen that the early
commentators who knew that the equinox fell in “mezzo Marzo”[563] were
content to accept Easter as falling in that month also. We must not
forget the convenience of an equinox and a full moon for simplifying
the time references also.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[563] The middle of March.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
We conclude, then, that the year chosen by Dante was 1300 (as has been
most generally believed), and the day Good Friday, which he assumes
to have fallen about a week after the equinox, and at a time of full
moon. Saturn in his poem, and also in fact, was in Leo; Venus was not
actually a morning star, nor in Pisces, but he may have been led to
assign this position to her through an error in a contemporary almanac.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account