Reason, and instinct, 277-79; as agent of scientific spirit, 279; evolutionary contradictions, 280, 282; and attainment of truth, 281. _See also_ Deduction; Scientific spirit. Religion, D.’s attitude, 156-67; pre-Darwinian theology, 208; and Copernicus’s speculations, 209; theological effect of evolution, 209; D.’s attitude toward effect, 209-13; ethical standards under evolution, 213-15, 219; evolution and belief in future life, 215, 216; and belief in God, 216-18, 229; and democracy, 223; evolution and hell and heaven, 227, 228; fundamentalism, 232, 237, 282; clerical harmonizing with evolution, 236; scientific harmonizing, 237-39; egocentric _versus_ ethnocentric, 239, 240; persistence, 240; thirst for God, 285. Renan, J. E., effect of evolution on, 241. Research, element in scientific spirit, 250. Revision, D.’s trait, 73, 118; element in scientific spirit, 255-57. Royer-Collard, Paul, on facts, 44. Ruskin, John, on vision of artists, 11. St.-Hilaire, Auguste, and evolution, 85. Sainte-Beuve, C. A., observation of humanity, 9, 267, 268; type, 54; on absorption of interest, 128; and poetry, 148, 268; and scientific spirit, 266-70; concreteness, 269; on Goethe, 271; pessimism and sexual immorality, 272-74, 76. Schelling, F. W. J. von, and evolution, 233. Scherer, Edmond, on tolerance, 262; on man, 275. Schopenhauer, Arthur, and evolution, 233. Scientific spirit, motives of achievements, 96-101, 248, 249; research, 250; industry, 251-53; patience, 253; caution, 254; flexibility and impartiality, 255; lack of pedantry, 257-59; and human nature, 259, 262; humility, 260; tolerance, 261; and pugnacity, 261; appreciation, 263; ardor, 264; illustrations: Sainte-Beuve, 266-70; Goethe, 270, 271; and spiritual blight, 272-76; inadequacy, 277; and instinctive action, 278, 279; reason as agent, 279; and self-dissection, 279; and self-contradictions, 280; and unattainable truth, 281-83; and ignorance and hope, 283-85. _See also_ Deduction; Observation. Scott, Sir Walter, industry, 252. Sedgwick, Adam, and D., 205. Self-dissection, as betrayal of scientific spirit, 279. Sénancour, É. P. de, on nature, 153; self-dissection, 280. Sexual selection, D.’s theory, 66, 67. Shakespeare, William, vitality, 126; D.’s opinion, 147. Shaw, G. B., and religion and evolution, 237. Shelley, P. B., and nature, 152. Sin, effect of evolution on belief, 231. Slavery, D.’s antipathy, 134. Smoking, D. and, 182. Snuff, D.’s indulgence, 183. Socialism, and evolution, 224. Society, D. and, 173, 178. Spencer, Herbert, and ‘survival of the fittest,’ 5, 91; D. on, 47, 78; type, 54; and universal evolution, 121, 219. Spinoza, Baruch, type, 53. Spiritualism, and evolution, 238. Sport, D.’s attitude, 174-76. Statement, accuracy, 22-24. Stephen, Leslie, on D., 169. Sterne, Laurence, on observation, 7; on doing, 277. Study. _See_ Observation. Survival of the fittest. Spencer’s term, 5, 91. Sympathy, and observation, 34-38. System, D. and, 30, 183.