Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.Thomas, Cyrus
Religion
Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.
Thomas, Cyrus
Maya calendar
In the symbol for the day _Caban_ (LXVII, 9) we see the same corkscrew
figure, and observe that _b_ is the chief consonant element of the word.
In the well-known symbol for woman (LXVI, 49) there appears the same
character, usually double, one at the front of the face, the other on
the back part of the head. I have usually considered this a mere
conventional symbol, taken from the female head, these corkscrew figures
indicating the rolls of hair. Nevertheless it is possible that it is
phonetic, as we see on the cheek the _c_, _ch_, or _k_ character
heretofore referred to. As _chup_, _chupal_, and _chuplal_ are names for
"woman, female, or girl," the _p_ may replace the _b_ and represent the
corkscrew figure. I am unable, however, to explain the prefix, which
should have the _b_ or _p_ sound, or be a determinative. Possibly it may
denote _pal_, signifying a young person, though this appears to refer
generally to the male sex. Henderson, however, prefixes _x_ to give it
the signification "daughter, or girl."
That the symbol on vessels as shown in LXVII, 6, indicates liquid, or
drink of some kind, is more than probable. It may refer to _balche_ (or
_baleze_), the ceremonial drink, the symbol indicating the phonetic
element _b_.
The upper portion of the figure shown in LXVII, 7, from Tro. 3*b and 4*b
(in the space) I was at first inclined to regard as a reptile of some
kind, but the fact of its presence in the section relating to bees and
honey, and the corkscrew markings, render it probable that it is
beeswax. To this evidence may be added the fact that the symbol over
which it is placed contains some of the elements of the _cib_ glyph.
There are a number of places where quite similar markings appear on
seats and other things, but these are distinguished by the added line of
dots, showing it, as will be seen hereafter, to be in these cases the
_cab_ or _caban_ symbol.
The facts which have been mentioned, together with the form of the
symbol, may possibly lead to a correct understanding of its origin. It
seems probable that the corkscrew figure, which is the chief, and
apparently only, essential element, is taken from the root of a plant
and was the conventional method of representing that object. As it
appears from Henderson's Lexicon that "root" was one signification of
_cib_ (probably from _cibah_, "to follow, succeed," which also signifies
"born, manifested, root," alluding to origin), and also that in Zotzil
_yib_ or _yibel_ is "root" (raiz de arbol, _yibel-te_), we find the
reason why this was selected as the symbol to express the sound _cib_.
The fact that in the Zapotec _loo_ signifies "root" strengthens this
conclusion and indicates that the symbol is not used simply for the
sound indicated--that is, phonetically or ikonomatically--but also with
reference to the signification.
THE SEVENTEENTH DAY
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