§ 678. s, when it follows one of the premisses of a reducend,
indicates that the premiss in question must be simply converted; when
it follows the conclusion, as in Disamis, it indicates that the
conclusion arrived at in the first figure is not identical in form
with the original conclusion, but capable of being inferred from it by
simple conversion. Hence s in the middle of a name indicates something
to be done to the original premiss, while s at the end indicates
something to be done to the new conclusion.
§ 679. P indicates conversion per accidens, and what has just been
said of s applies, mutatis mutandis, to p.
§ 680. k may be taken for the present to indicate that Baroko and
Bokardo cannot be reduced ostensively.
§ 681. FIGURE II.
Cesare. \ / Celarent.
No A is B. \ = / No B is A.
All C is B. / \ All C is B.
.'. No C is A. / \ .'. No C is A.
Camestres. \ / Celarent.
All A is B. \ = / No B is C.
No C is B. / \ All A is B.
.'. No C is A. / \ .'. No A is C.
.'. No C is A.
Festino. Ferio.
No A is B. \ / No B is A.
Some C is B. | = | Some C is B.
.'. Some C is not A./ \ .'. Some C is not A.
[Baroko]
§ 682. FIGURE III.
Darapti. \ / Darii.
All B is A. \ = / All B is A.
All B is C. / \ Some C is B.
.'. Some C is A. / \ Some C is A.
Disamis. \ / Darii.
Some B is A. \ = / All B is C.
All B is C. / \ Some A is B.
.'. Some C is A. / \ .'. Some A is C.
.'. Some C is A.
Datisi. \ / Darii.
All B is A. \ = / All B is A.
Some B is C. / \ Some C is B.
.'. Some C is A. / \ .'. Some C is A.
Felapton. \ / Ferio.
No B is A. \ = / No B is A.
All B is C. / \ Some C is B.
.'. Some C is not-A. / \ .'. Some C is not-A.
[Bokardo].
Ferison. \ / Ferio.
No B is A. \ = / No B is A.
Some B is C. / \ Some C is B
.'. Some C is not A. / \ .'. Some C is not A.
§ 683. FIGURE IV.
Bramantip. \ / Barbara.
All A is B. \ = / All B is C.
All B is C. / \ All A is B.
.. Some C is A. / \ .. All A is C.
.'. Some C is A.
Camenes Celarent
All A is B \ / No B is C.
No B is C. | = | All A is B.
.. No C is A./ \ .'. No A is C.
.'. No C is A.
Dimaris. Darii.
Some A is B. \ / All B is C.
All B is C. | = | Some A is B.
.'. Some C is A./ \ .'. Some A is C.
.'. Some C is A.
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