Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- Canada -- Societies, etc.
The rules of the Clearing House are very strict. Any firm which fails
to report by two o'clock is fined. The Clearing House assumes
responsibility for all purchases and sales and, being actually liable,
keeps close tab on every firm. Each firm has a certain credit on the
books of the Clearing House, allotted impartially, according to its
standing, and this credit forms the fixed basis of that firm's
dealings. If its activities exhaust the line of credit, the Clearing
House calls for "original margins" at once--a deposit of so-many cents
per bushel for every bushel involved and for every point which the
market drops. The amount per bushel called for is entirely at the
discretion of the Clearing House authorities and if the quantity of
grain reaches dangerous proportions the deposit required may be set so
high that it becomes practically equivalent to cash purchase. To
"corner the market" under these conditions would require unlimited
credit with the Clearing House.
When Jones & Brown are "called" for deposit margins they drop
everything and obey. They have just fifteen minutes to reach the bank
with that cheque, have it "marked" and rushed to the Clearing House.
If they fail to arrive with it the Manager of the Clearing House will
step into their office and if there were any "hemming and hawing" Jones
& Brown would be reported at once to the Secretary of the Exchange who
would call a hurry-up meeting of the Exchange Council and Messrs. Jones
& Brown would find themselves posted and all trades with them forbidden.
All clerical errors in regard to trades are checked up by the Clearing
House and fines paid in for mistakes. Only a nominal charge is made
for its services--enough to pay overhead expenses--but the fines have
enabled the Clearing House to accumulate a large Reserve Fund which
gives it financial stability to provide for all responsibilities should
occasion arise through failure of any firm. All futures which have not
been cancelled before delivery date are negotiated through the Clearing
House and with its assistance the grain can be placed just where it
should go and tremendous quantities of it are handled without a hitch
and with the utmost despatch.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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