Among 647 prostitutes at the Bedford (N. Y.) Reformatory 48% either could not read or write any language or had not finished the primary grades. Seven per cent. had graduated from the grammar grades. Among 610 prostitutes in other reformatories reported in the same work, only 23% had finished the fifth grade. Among 877 street cases from which information was obtained 814 had no more education than ability to read and write, 53 had graduated from the grammar grades or had some special education (_133_). Another report by Weidensall we shall consider in the next chapter. The attending physician (_60_) of the Morals Court in Chicago inquired “of as many of the defendants as she could, who were charged with being public prostitutes, as to what ages they had left school.” Among 3546 cases which passed before the court in seven months the report covers 494 cases. Of these only 17 had gone beyond the fifth grade in school, only one was a high school graduate (_161_). Among 100 girls at the Ohio Industrial School, 11 to 18 years of age, median age 15 years, 50% were in the third or fourth grade and 54% had failed of promotion three or more times (_55_). Drucker gives the age-grade distribution of 100 randomly selected minor offenders, 15 to 22 years of age, in the Cook County (Ill.) jail. This shows that 41 of these were below the eighth grade and three or more years retarded at the age they left school. They might well be examined for deficiency. Among 86 who left school at 14 or after, 24 were in the fifth grade or below (_101_). Among 100 consecutive admissions to the Ohio State Girls Industrial Home, Renz reports 25% in the third grade and 25% in the fourth grade, 15% in the fifth grade; 29% failed of promotion 4.5 to 6 years and 25% more failed of promotion 3 years (_47_). Storer reports on the same groups (_55_). Bluemel finds that 100 probationers in the Denver Juvenile Court were retarded in school 2 years on the average as compared with an average school retardation among the school boys of Denver of 1 year (_2_). At the New Jersey State Home for Girls among a group of 163 selected cases 102 had not reached the fifth grade although their average age was 17 (_12_). The school distributions by age is given for 215 delinquents in the California State School at Whittier for boys by Williams (_62_) in sufficient detail to make it usable for estimating the frequency of deficiency on a plan we shall consider shortly. Regarding age seven as satisfactory for the first grade, and so on, only 7 of these boys had reached this standard. Supposing that those older should have attained at least the grade which is satisfactory for the 14-year-old, and those younger the corresponding grades, we find that 29% were four or more years below this standard and 14% were five years below this standard. In the next section we shall endeavor to find out how the school records might also be used as symptomatic of mental capacity. ----- Footnote 31: