Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental TestingMiner, James Burt
Science
Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental Testing
Miner, James Burt
Children with mental disabilities; Juvenile delinquents; Mentally ill offenders; Psychological tests
“With regard to the term 'remunerative work,' however, it is to be
remarked that the person employed is not being paid the standard
wage. On the contrary, it is my experience that this is practically
never the case, and this is corroborated by the observations of the
secretary of the Birmingham center, who says: 'Although some of our
cases have been at work for more than ten years, only 34 of the
whole number (173) earn as much as 10 s., 2 d., per week. Of these
only 6 earn as much as 15 s., and only 2 earn 20 s., which is the
highest wages earned.... While it is not very difficult for some of
our higher-grade cases to get work when they first leave school, it
is almost impossible for them to retain their situations when they
get older, and the difference between them and their fellows becomes
accentuated. Uncontrolled and often quite improperly cared for, they
rapidly deteriorate, the good results obtained by the training and
discipline of the special school being under these circumstances
distinctly evanescent.... There are few workers over twenty years of
age'” (_204_, p. 425, 435).
The 1912 report of the London County Council (_144_) covers those who
left its special schools for mentally defective children during the
years 1908-1912 inclusive. These schools have accommodation for about 1%
of the elementary school enrollment. Of 2010 children who left these
schools during these five years, and who were still alive, 1357 were
employed and 311 more employed when last heard from, a total of 79%
employed at last accounts. Those out for five years show about the same
proportion employed. This is a more favorable showing and fairly in line
with the results of other European help-schools. The average weekly
wages of those employed ranged from 4 s. 6 d. for those just out to 10
s. 10 d. for those leaving five years before. A considerable proportion
who live at home thus have been meeting their necessary living expenses
as the result of this special training and subsequent assistance.
Dr. Walter E. Fernald reported to the British Royal Commission on the
Care and Control of the Feeble-Minded concerning the inmates of the
institutions for feeble-minded in the United States. These institutions
receive a much lower grade of cases on the whole than the local
help-schools abroad: (_83_, Vol. VIII, p. 159)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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