Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
These district organizations, in immediate contact as they were with
the producers, comprised an organization ready built for the delicate
work of terminating war industry. Washington might fix policies and
specify the classes of supplies the production of which was to be
stopped and the sorts which were to be produced after the armistice in
full or curtailed quantities. It was for the district administrations
to say how the terminations and reductions should be carried out.
Consequently, after the armistice the organizations in charge of the
manufacturing districts were changed over into what were variously
known as district claims boards and district boards of review. Whatever
they were called by the bureaus creating them, their duties were
essentially the same--to terminate contracts by mutual consent, to
agree with the producers upon the terms of settlement, to take over
in the name of the War Department such finished products, raw and
semi-finished materials, machinery, buildings, and other equipment as
became government property under the terms of the settlements, and
to dispose of the materials thus taken over, some being selected for
permanent retention among the nation’s war assets, some being turned
over to other branches of the Government which could make use of them,
and others being disposed of by sale. To assist it in this work, each
district board maintained a subsidiary organization known as the
district salvage board, which collected the government property and
disposed of it.
To supervise this field activity, each procurement bureau of the War
Department established at headquarters in Washington a superior board
known as the bureau claims board. Each of these supervisory boards, in
turn, created as an adjunct to itself a bureau salvage board, which
maintained executive control over the district salvage boards. For
several weeks there was no specific executive agency to direct the
work of this organization, except that all the bureau and district
boards were under the general authority of the Director of Purchase,
Storage, and Traffic. He unified and controlled their work through
what were known as supply circulars, a medium of administration which
had come into great importance after the creation of the Division
of Purchase, Storage, and Traffic. Through the supply circulars the
administration of war industry issued its general and class directions
to the production bureaus. The standard contract provisions, for
instance, had been brought to the attention of the contracting officers
by publication in the supply circulars. The series of supply circulars
thus came to be the code of unified army supply.
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