Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
These eighteen categories included only the movable property of the
A. E. F. There were still to be considered the fixed installations--the
barracks, camps, hospitals, warehouses, docks, railroad yards,
buildings of almost every conceivable type. Judge Parker, the chairman
of the Commission, cabled to France, before he sailed for Europe, a
direction that the installations be inventoried and appraised. This
work was first undertaken by Colonel Graham, who later, after he
took charge of the inventory of movables, was succeeded by Brigadier
General Edgar Jadwin, whose subsequent appraisal was known as the
Jadwin Report. It showed the war cost of construction to have
been $165,661,000, the normal cost $81,543,000, and the armistice
value $39,256,000. As a matter of fact, any sum obtainable for the
installations was clear gain, since the salvage value of the structures
would not have paid the cost of dismantling (assuming that this work
would have required the labor of 40,000 men for seven months), the
ground rentals, and the costs of restoring the sites to their original
condition.
[Illustration:
_Photo by Howard E. Coffin_
WRECK OF COAL MINE AT LENS]
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
MOTOR TRANSPORT SALVAGE IN FRANCE]
Then arose the determination of the “utilization value” of the movable
stocks. This was estimated by taking the war cost of production, plus
the cost of freighting the goods to France, and subtracting various
estimated allowances--for natural deterioration, for expected losses
from fire, theft, and other causes, for the saving to the United
States in costs of merchandizing, labor, storage, insurance, interest
on investment, and other overhead expense obviated by a possible
bulk sale, for the fact that the stocks were widely scattered and
had to be collected to be of use. The Commission consolidated these
subtractions into a lump deduction of 25 per cent of the estimated
value. Thus determined, the utilization value of both installations and
movables was set at $562,230,800; and this was the figure carried by
the Commission into the negotiations with the French.
[Illustration:
_From a photograph taken in France_
INTERALLIED PURCHASERS
Left to right: Louis Loucheur, French Minister of Munitions;
Winston Churchill, British Minister of Munitions; David
Lloyd-George, Prime Minister of England; and Bernard M. Baruch,
Chairman of the War Industries Board.
]
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