"Let us then suppose," he says, "that it be true in some sense,
as Wiclif and Luther have said, that 'whatever is done by us,
is done, not by free will but by pure necessity,' what more
inexpedient than to publish this paradox to the world? Or, let
us suppose that in a certain sense it is true, as Augustine
somewhere says: 'God works both good and evil in us, and
rewards his own good works in us and punishes his own evil
works in us,' what a door to impiety this saying would open to
countless mortals, if it were spread abroad in the world!...
What weak man would keep up the perpetual and weary conflict
against the flesh? What evil man would strive to correct his
life? Who could persuade his soul to love with his whole heart a
God who has prepared a hell glowing with eternal tortures that
he may there avenge upon miserable men his own misdeeds as if he
delighted in human tortures?"
Here was an objection to Augustinianism as old as Augustine himself,
but the fact was that it had never yet been sustained and was
not likely to be. Even if it had been, that could not affect the
principle Erasmus was now concerned with; namely, that truth which
seemed likely to make any confusion in the world ought not to be
spoken.[153]
[153] In a letter to Aloisius Marlianus (iii.¹, 545-C), Erasmus
says: "I know that everything ought to be borne rather than that
the public order should be disturbed; I know it is the part of
piety sometimes to hide the truth, and that the truth ought not
to be put forth in every place, nor at every time, nor in every
presence, nor in every way, nor always in its entirety."
Having fortified himself on these preliminary points, Erasmus lays
out the problem with great clearness and then proceeds with the
examination of scripture passages on both sides. It would be idle
to follow this process, by which, proverbially, anyone can prove
anything. Of course Erasmus finds the weight of Scripture on his
side, as his opponents found it on theirs. Far more important and
interesting is his own personal declaration of faith. Put in a word,
it was that one ought to allow to man _some_ share in his own good
actions; not a great share, only "_non nihil_." In fact, this is
really the only thing he finds to criticise in the Lutheran doctrine,
the overemphasis on the element of grace in human action.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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