The decoration of a standard, which is largely dependent on its size, should, generally speaking, be applied in the vertical direction with occasional horizontal features by way of contrast. The treatment must also vary according to material. [Illustration: No. 222. Cast Iron Lamp Standard.] _Proportion_ Apart from considerations of use and material, the design of this kind of round form is based on inequalities of proportion in height and diameter. Obvious repetitions of the same dimension are to be avoided. The profiles should be carefully composed with a view to effecting harmony or contrast--the curves either approaching one another in a flexible line or being deliberately contrasting. Mouldings may be used at intervals to mark the various stages. [Illustration: No. 223. Types of Vase Decoration. A. Horizontal Banding with vertical Contrast. B. Oblique or Spiral Treatment. C. Panel Treatment.] Vase forms vary considerably. When the profile is formed by straight lines they may be cylindrical or cone-shaped. Of course profiles may take other forms--they may be ovoid or trace an ogee curve. When the diameter varies the bulk should preponderate at some one point. When unity of line is desired, the curves of the profile should flow easily into each other, even if broken at intervals by mouldings. In contrasting curves the lines should intersect at right angles in order to avoid indecision of form. _Positions for Decoration_ The areas capable of being decorated on vase forms are those bounded by mouldings. The nature and direction of the decoration will be determined by the profile curves on the sectional form. The direction of the ornament may be horizontal as in the form of a band, but to avoid distortion such detail should only be applied to surfaces of uniform curvature. If the vertical direction be chosen the decoration may take the form of flutes, of leaves or of panels decorated with detail. A variation of the vertical treatment is obtained by employing similar details in an oblique direction, thus giving the appearance of ornament twisting or twining round the shape. [Illustration: No. 224. Stretch Out and Segments of the Cylinder.] In the vertical panel treatment, as in mouldings, the sectional or profile curve may be used to determine the general framing lines, with contrasting details between the panels. In order to give variety it may be desirable to combine two treatments--for instance, the horizontal band may be contrasted with vertical flutes and leaves. _Working Drawings_ For a practical drawing the form must be shown in elevation and not in perspective. All the horizontal divisions must be drawn in parallel lines. It is obvious that except for profiles and general height, further details must be given for a working drawing. _The Segment or Stretch Out_ [Illustration: No. 225. Stretch Out of the Cone.]