[90] Ibid. This rite is practiced by the Yezidis of Ḫalitiyeh, a dependency of Diarbeker, where the Yezidis are few in number. [91] Southgate: _A Tour Through Armenia_, etc., vol. II, p. 179. [92] See p. 42 of this book. Badger, ibid, p. 128. [93] I mean by the philosophical method the attempt to prove certain assumption by theorizing, and by the historical method the endeavor to verify a theory by obtaining data from historical sources. The former method is based on speculation; the latter on historical inquiry. [94] The Enc. of Mission, p. 797. In his letter to me of date August 6, 1907, the Rev. A. N. Andrus, of Mardin, says: “The Yezidis may be related in religious cult with the Guebres of India.” [95] Muir: _Life of Mohammed_, vol. IV, p. 151. [96] Fraser: ibid, p. 205. [97] Badger, ibid, p. 129. [98] S. G. M., vol. 14. [99] Eugene Bore: _Dict. des Religions_, T. IV, _Art. Yezidis_, Southgate, ibid, p. 317. [100] Fraser, ibid, p. 289. [101] Jackson: _Persia, Past and Present_, p. 10; J. A. O. S., 25, p. 178, New Int. Enc. “Yezidis.” [102] H. Poincaré: _Science and Hypothesis_. Trans., G. B. Halsted, p. 5 seq. [103] The fact that the importance of the method of comparative religion has been generally recognized in the scientific world has led to the danger of rushing into the other extreme of paying attention exclusively to points of similarity and resemblance, and of entirely disregarding, or at any rate thrusting into the background as unimportant that which is dissimilar. [104] Southgate, ibid, p. 317; Jackson, J. A. O. S., vol. XXV, p. 171. [105] Victor Dingelstedt, S. G. M., vol. XIV, p. 295. [106] Siouffi, who was for about twenty years a French vice-consul in Mosul. [107] Ibn Ḫallikan, vol. I, p. 316. [108] Manhal Al-Uliya wa Mašrab-ul-Aṣfia, “Šeiḫ ‘Adi,” quoted by M. N. Siouffi, Journal Asiatique, 1885, p. 80. [109] Warda, “the rose,” is the name of a collection of hymns composed by George Warda (1224 A. D.), Bishop of Arbila; cf. Bar Hebraeus, Chron. Eccl., vol. II, p. 402. Warda is one of the most conspicuous writers of hymns in the thirteenth century which was the age of song with the Nestorian church. His poems have entered so largely into the use of the Nestorian church that one of their service books is to this day called the Warda; Badger, _The Nestorians_, vol. II, p. 25. Some of his hymns speak of the calamities of the years 1224-1227. A few specimens are given by Cardaḥi in _Liber Thesauri_, p. 51. Badger has translated one in his _Nestorians_, vol. II, pp. 51-57. Warda’s poems have been edited by Heinrich Hilgenfeld, _Ausgewählte Gesänge des Giworgis Warda von Arbil_, Leipzig, 1904, and by Manna, Mosul, 1901. [110] The village Karmalis is about twelve miles distant from Mosul, and is inhabited by Chaldeans, that is, Romanized Nestorians. [111] Rabban Hormuzd is a Chaldean monastery at Alkoš, a village about twenty miles north of Mosul.