After the Duke of Monmouth landed at Lyme in Dorsetshire, in 1685,
Axminster was the first town that he occupied, and a number of Colyton
men are said to have joined his army. Otherwise the rebellion hardly
touched Devonshire. Yet Judge Jeffreys put to death, at various places
in the county, thirty-seven of the Duke's misguided followers. After the
Battle of Sedgemoor, Wade and other fugitives attempted to escape by sea
from Ilfracombe, but they were obliged to put back, and were caught in
the woods near Lynton.
When, under very different auspices, William of Orange landed at Brixham
on the 5th of November, 1688, he marched to Exeter, as the chief city of
the west. The citizens at first held aloof, but in the end they gave to
the Deliverer their hearty and most valuable support.
Two years later the French admiral Tourville, fresh from his victory
over our fleet off Beachy Head, landed a strong force at Teignmouth, and
sacked and burnt that part of the town which ever since has been known
as French Street.
Both in 1715 and in 1745 the county was suspected of showing sympathy
with the exiled Stuarts. But when in the former year the Duke of Ormond,
with a small party of French soldiers, appeared in a war-ship off
Brixham, expecting to be welcomed by the Devonshire Jacobites, he met
with no encouragement.
Several episodes in the history of Devonshire are associated with the
French war of the close of the eighteenth and the beginning of the
nineteenth centuries. In 1797 a French squadron, afterwards captured
by Admiral Bridport, sank the fishing-boats in Ilfracombe harbour. A
few years later, in 1809, Princetown was built for the reception of the
rougher class of French prisoners of war, and during the five years that
followed 12,679 Frenchmen and Americans were confined there, while many
others were billeted at Okehampton, Ashburton, Tavistock, and Moreton
Hampstead. The Princetown buildings were afterwards disused--except for
a short occupation by a naphtha company--until 1850, when they were
converted into a prison for convicts.
It was at this period that Torquay came into note, having become a place
of residence for the families of naval officers serving on men-of-war
anchored in Torbay. In Torbay, too, was enacted what may be called the
last scene of the war. For it was here, on the 24th of July, 1815, that
Napoleon was brought a prisoner. And here he remained, except for a few
days spent in Plymouth Sound, until the 11th of August, when he was
taken to St Helena.
19. Antiquities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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