Fought September 4, 1796, between 25,000 Austrians, under Davidowich, and the main body of Napoleon’s army. Napoleon attacked the Austrian entrenched position, and in spite of a determined defence, carried it, driving the enemy out of Roveredo with heavy loss, including 7,000 prisoners and 15 guns. This victory enabled Masséna to occupy Trent, and the remnants of the Austrian army were driven headlong into the Tyrol. Rowton Heath (Civil War). Fought September 24, 1645, when a body of Royalist cavalry, under Sir Marmaduke Langdale, which was endeavouring to prevent the investment of Chester, was attacked by the Parliamentary horse, under Colonel Poyntz. The first attack was repulsed with loss, but Poyntz receiving infantry support, rallied his troops, and drove the Royalists from the field, with a loss of 300 killed and wounded and 1,000 prisoners. Roseburgh (Scottish Wars). This town, defended by an English garrison, was besieged by the Scots, under James II of Scotland, in 1460, and after a stubborn defence was captured and destroyed. This is the first occasion on which artillery was used by the Scots. During the siege the Scottish king was killed by the bursting of a gun of large calibre, August 3, 1460. Rullion Green (Covenanters’ Rising). Fought November, 1666, between the Covenanters, under Colonel Wallace, and the Royal troops, under General Dalziel. The Covenanters were defeated. Rumersheim (War of the Spanish Succession). Fought August 26, 1709, between the French, under Marshal Villiers, and the Imperialists, under Count Mercy. Mercy was defeated and driven out of Alsace. Ruspina (Civil War of Cæsar and Pompey). Fought January 3, 46 B.C., between Julius Cæsar, with three legions, and a force of Pompeians, composed entirely of cavalry and archers, under Labienus. Cæsar’s troops were surrounded, but behaving with extreme steadiness, were able to retire to Ruspina in good order, though with very heavy loss. Rynemants (Netherlands War of Independence). Fought August 1, 1578, between the Dutch Patriots, 20,000 strong, under Count Bossu and François de la Noue, and the Spaniards, numbering about 30,000, under Don John of Austria. Don John crossed the Demer, and attacked Bossu in his entrenchments. He was however repulsed, after severe fighting, and retired, leaving 1,000 dead on the field. He offered battle in the open on the following morning, but Bossu declined to leave his lines, and Don John was indisposed to renew the attack, and fell back upon Namur. S Saalfeld (Campaign of Jena).