Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol. 2 of 2)Morley, John
Philosophy
Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol. 2 of 2)
Morley, John
Diderot, Denis, 1713-1784; Encyclopedists
"The sun, which was on the edge of the horizon, disappeared; over
the sea there came all at once an aspect more sombre and solemn.
Twilight, which is at first neither day nor night--an image of our
feeble thoughts, and an image that warns the philosopher to stay in
his speculations--warns the traveller too to turn his steps towards
home. So I turned back, and as I continued the thread of my
thoughts, I began to reflect that if there is a particular morality
belonging to each species, so perhaps in the same species there is
a different morality for different individuals, or at least for
different kinds and collections of individuals. And in order not to
scandalise you by too serious an example, it came into my head that
there is perhaps a morality peculiar to artists or to art, and that
this morality might well be the very reverse of the common
morality. Yes, my friend, I am much afraid that man marches
straight to misery by the very path that leads the imitator of
nature to the sublime. To plunge into extremes--that is the rule
for poets. To keep in all things the just mean--there is the rule
for happiness. One must not make poetry in real life. The heroes,
the romantic lovers, the great patriots, the inflexible
magistrates, the apostles of religion, the philosophers _a toute
outrance_--all these rare and divine insensates make poetry in
their life, and that is their bane. It is they who after death
provide material for great pictures. They are excellent to paint.
Experience shows that nature condemns to misery the man to whom she
has allotted genius, and whom she has endowed with beauty; it is
they who are the figures of poetry. Then within myself I lauded
the mediocrity that shelters one alike from praise and blame; and
yet why, I asked myself, would no one choose to let his sensibility
go, and to become mediocre? O vanity of man!"[59]
[59] x. 124, 125.
Goethe's _Tasso_, a work so full of finished poetry and of charm, is the
idealised and pathetic version of the figure that Diderot has thus
conceived for genius. The dialogues between the hapless poet and
Antonio, the man of the world, are a skilful, lofty, and impressive
statement of the problem that often vexed Diderot. Goethe sympathised
with Antonio's point of view; he had in his nature so much of the spirit
of conduct, of saneness, of the common reason of the world. And in art
he was a lover of calm ideals. In Diderot, as our readers by this time
know, these things were otherwise.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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