The gerund in _Di_ is the present or future indicative followed by the particle _jibun_, or less frequently some other particle meaning 'time'; e.g., _aguru jibun_ 'the time for offering,' _agueô ni qivamatta_ 'he made the decision that it be offered,' _niguru jibun gia_ 'it is time to flee,' _corosareôzuru ni aisadamatte arǒzu_ (13) 'it will have been decided that he will be killed, or will have to be killed.' The gerund in _Do_ is formed in two ways. The first is by adding the particles _ni_ or _tote_ to the present indicative; e.g., _aguruni_ or _agurutote iurusareta_ 'I was freed by it being offered.' The second way is by removing the verb _gozaru_ from the pluperfect; e.g., _aguete cutabireta_ 'I became tired by offering, or raising up,' that is to say, 'from the action of presenting, or raising up, I suffered the result of becoming tired.' There is also another elegant, and frequently used, way to form the gerund in _Do_. It is done by placing the root of the verb in front of another verb making a compound; e.g., _fiqi iosuru_ 'to approach, pulling.' The roots which are used in this way do not change with respect to their function. The gerund in _Do_ is also used to express purpose _taixó to xite_ 'since he was a commander (_dux_), or was fulfilling the function of a commander,' _von rei to xite_ 'giving thanks,' _rǒtai nomi ni xite_ 'since he was an old man,' _tçucai xite ivaruru_ 'he said it as a messenger.' The gerund in _Dum_ is formed by adding the particles _tame_ or _tote_ to the present or future indicative; e.g., _aguru tame_ or _agueo tote_ [_agueô tote_] 'in order to offer.' The same meaning is obtained by _aguru ni fatto ga aru_ 'there is a law about offering,' unless this should be considered a gerund in ni [_Di_]. The supine in _Tum_ is formed in two ways. The first is by adding _ni_ to the root. The second is by adding _tameni_ to the present indicative; {131} e.g., _tazzune ni maitta_ or _tazzunuru tameni maitta_ 'I came in order to obtain it.' The supine in _Tu_ is the root of the verb alone. To obtain the same meaning they also use _mósu ni voiobanu_ 'it is not necessary to (26 speak.'