The preterit of the subjunctive is formed by adding _redomo_ to the preterit of the indicative; e.g., _nacatta redomo_ 'although he was not.' The substantive [verb] with the particle _tomo_ is formed with the root; e.g., _naqu tomo_ 'even if it were not.' The gerund is _nó_, _nóte_, _naqu xite_, or _nacatte_ 'since it is not.' The remaining are formed as above, with the verb _ari,u_ added, and are conjugated in the second conjugation. Adjectives, when they do not precede verbs, are conjugated in the same way as the negative substantive verb. The adjectives, which have been said above to end in _ai_, _ei_, _oi_, _ui_, and _ij_, form their roots by changing the final _i_ to _qu_; e.g., _fucaqu_ is the root of 'deep,' _ioqu_ the root of 'good,' _xiguequ_ the root of 'dense,' _varuqu_ the root of 'bad,' and _vonajiqu_ the root of 'the same.' The present tense is the form (_vox_) of the adjective itself; e.g., _ioi_ 'good,' _fucai_ 'deep,' _varui_ 'bad,' _vonaji_ 'the same.'[96] The preterit is formed by changing the _i_ of the adjective to _c_ or _q_ and adding _ari,u_. This form is then conjugated according to (33 the tense required by the sentence. The permissive subjunctive with _tomo_ is _fucaqu tomo_ or _fucai tomo_ 'although deep.' The gerund in _Do_ is _fucóte_ 'since it was deep,' _ióte_ 'since it was good,' _canaxiúte_ [_canaxúte_][97] 'since it was sad,' _xingueote_ [_xigeôte_][98] 'since it was dense.' It also takes the form of _fucó xite_, _fucaqu xite_, or _fucacatte_, or again _iô xite_, _ioqu xite_, or _iocatte_. The adjectives which end in _na_ are not conjugated. There is, however, a gerund in _Do_. For example, _aqiracana_ has for its gerund _aqiracani xite_ 'since it was clear,' and with the same meaning there is _aqiraca de_. _Arisóna_ has _arisǒni xite_ 'since it became apparent, or easy to believe.' _Ióna_ has _ióni_ as in _ióni xite_ 'since it is in a good way, or since it has a good manner.' _Cava ga fucóte vatarananda_ 'because the {139} river was deep, I did not cross it,' _xebǒte irarenu_ 'since it was narrow, he was unable to enter,' _varúte cuvarenu_ 'it is inedible, or it cannot be eaten, because it is bad.' The other tenses of the adjective, as has been said, are formed with the verb _ari,u_ and conjugated according to the requirements of the sentence. The negative conjugation is also formed with _ari,u_; e.g., if the root is _fucacarazu_ the present tense is _fucacaranu_ 'it is not deep.' The preterit is _fucacarananda_ 'it was not, etc.' _The Conditional Particles_[99]