Dietetics for NursesProudfit, Fairfax T. (Fairfax Throckmorton)
Science
Dietetics for Nurses
Proudfit, Fairfax T. (Fairfax Throckmorton)
Diet in disease
The attack may be accompanied by more or less pain of a colicky
nature, due to the formation of gas in the intestinal tract. In
ptomaine poisoning this pain is sometimes very intense. As a rule the
intestinal tract is emptied by means of salt, oil, etc., but this is
generally directed by the physician. A soapsuds or salts and glycerin
enema to flush the colon will often give quick relief by dispelling
the gas.
~Starvation.~--The entire digestive tract requires absolute rest for a
certain period; no food and very little water, the latter in the form
of bits of ice only, are given for a period lasting from twelve to
thirty-six hours or more, depending upon the violence of the attack
and the condition of the patient. This is to allow the toxic
substances which are probably causing the disturbance to pass out of
the body, either in the feces or in the urine. When the acute symptoms
subside, that is, when the pain and distention of the intestines have
disappeared, and the bowel movements become more normal in number and
character, the dietetic treatment suitable to the condition is
instituted.
~Dietetic Treatment.~--The first day the patient is given a small cup
of weak tea, half a glass of buttermilk or peptonized milk, or a cup
of well-skimmed meat broth, every three or four hours. If the patient
is weak, the nourishment may be given oftener, and in those cases it
is often found advisable to give a small amount of alcohol in the
form of brandy in albumen water, or panopepton or liquid peptonoids.
These may be administered in tablespoonful doses every two hours.
Whole milk, unless it is peptonized, and at times even then, is not
advisable in diarrheal conditions on account of its liability to form
curds which decompose with the production of toxic substances, known
to be exceedingly irritating to the already inflamed mucous membranes
lining the intestinal walls.
~Increasing the Diet.~--As the diarrhea and inflammation subside, the
following foods are gradually introduced into the dietary, keeping in
mind always that a return of the acute symptoms is apt to occur. Hence
the patient must never be overfed. It is better to err on the side of
too little than too much food during the early convalescent period.
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