Discoveries in Egypt, Ethiopia and the peninsula of Sinai, in the years 1842-1845, during the mission sent out by his majesty, Frederick William IV of Prussia.Lepsius, Richard
History
Discoveries in Egypt, Ethiopia and the peninsula of Sinai, in the years 1842-1845, during the mission sent out by his majesty, Frederick William IV of Prussia.
As to the subjects of the representations, there can scarcely be a
doubt, They must represent the culminating point of Egyptian history,
civilisation, and art, in a characteristic manner, and I myself was
astonished at the wealth of most appropriate situations, which
immediately present themselves if we pass in review what yet lies before
us of Egyptian history. In order to give you a cursory idea of it, I
will communicate the single points which I wrote down while I was yet
in doubt whether one or other of the two first styles of representation
might not be employed. Of course, a much more extended commentary would
be necessary for this than I can now present; but a merely preliminary
view is all that is required now. The names enclosed in brackets show
where the materials for single compositions would be found.
ANTE-HISTORICAL.
Elevation of the God HORUS to the divine throne of OSIRIS
(Dendera). As a contrast to the last number.
OLD EMPIRE.
Dyn. I. Departure of MENES from This, the city of Osiris.
Founding of MEMPHIS, the city of Phthah, by Menes.
Dyn. IV. Building of the Pyramids under CHEOPS and CHEPHREN.
Dyn. VI. Union of the two crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt under the
hundred years of the reign of APAPPUS.
Dyn. XII. Temple of Ammon at THEBES, the city of Ammon, founded by
Sesurtesen I. in the twelfth dynasty.
Immigrating HYKSOS (Benihassan).
LABYRINTH and LAKE MŒRIS, works of AMENEMHA III. in the twelfth
dynasty.
Dyn. XIII. Shortly afterwards the IRRUPTION of the HYKSOS into
Lower Egypt.
Expulsion of the Egyptian rulers into Ethiopia.
Supremacy of the Hyksos.
NEW EMPIRE.
Dyn. XVII.--XVIII. AMENOPHIS I. and the black Queen Aahmesnefruari.
TUTHMOSIS III. expels the HYKSOS from Abaris.
JERUSALEM founded by them.
AMENOPHIS III. Memnon and the vocal statue.
Persecution of the Egyptian gods and introduction of sun-worship
under Bech-en-Aten (Amarna).
King HORUS the avenger.
Dyn. XIX. SETHOS I. (Sethosis, Sesostris) Conquest of CANAAN
(Karnak). Joseph and his brethren.
RAMSES II. the Great, Miamun; war with the Cheta (Ramesseum.)[151]
The (brick-making) Israelites (Thebes) built Pithom and Ramses
under Ramses II.[152]
Colonisation of GREECE from Egypt
MENEPHTHES. DEPARTURE of the ISRAELITES to Sinai. MOSES before
Pharoah. Beginning of the new SIRIUS PERIOD, 1322, B.C.
Dyn. XX. RAMSES III. Battle from Medînet Habu.
Dyn. XXI. SHESHENK I. (Shishak) takes JERUSALEM (Thebes).
Dyn. XXV. SABAKO the Ethiopian, rules in Egypt.
Dyn. XXVI. PSAMMETICHUS the Philhellene elevates the arts.
Departure of the war-caste to Ethiopia.
Dyn. XXVII. CAMBYSES rages, and destroys temples and statues.
Dyn. XXX. NECTANEBUS (Philæ).
ALEXANDER, son of Ammon, conquers Egypt; builds Alexandria.
Ptolemæus PHILADELPHUS founds the library.
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