may also be explained, that we find under Euergetes I. an astronomical era employed, that of the otherwise unknown Dionysius, which took its beginning from the year 285 B.C. the first of Philadelphus, while the coins of Philadelphus neither count from his own accession, nor from the year 305 B.C., but from the year of the decease of Alexander the Great, or the beginning of the viceroyship of Ptolemaeus, as the beginning point of a new era. (See Pinder, p. 205). [50] [Manetho in Bunsen, Egypt’s Place, vol i. p. 620. Nitocris is the last of this dynasty. K. R. H. M.] [51] _Denkmäler aus Ægypten und Æthiopien_, _Abth._ II. _Blatt._ 123-133. [52] [Bunsen’s Egypt’s Place, vol. i. p, 45. K. R. H. M.] [53] _Denkmäler_, _Abth._ II. _Bl._ 134. [54] [I. e., _the cartouches_ of contemporaneous kings.--K. R. H. M.] [55] [See Bunsen’s Egypt’s Place, vol. i. p. 373, where an account of this deity is given.--K. R. H. M.] [56] [This resembles, in fact, the system of calling parishes after the names of the Saints, to commemorate whose martyrdom the church was erected; as, for instance, the church and parish of St. Alphege, in the town of Greenwich.--K. R. H. M.] [57] [See Bunsen, vol. i. p. 400, for an account of this deity.--K. R. H. M.] [58] [Bunsen, vol. i. p. 470. Egyptian Vocabulary, No. 294, and Determinative sign, No. 58. p. 542, the author there refers to Champollion, Grammaire, and Rosellini, Monumenti Reali, cxlii. 1.--K. R. H. M.] [59] [Bunsen (vol. i. p. 434, n. 333,) says, “The discovery of the meaning of Harpocrates is mine; but I explained it as Her-pe-schre (Horus the child), and adopted Lepsius’s correction.” In the text it is given HER-PA-ΧRUTI.--K. R. H. M.] [60] _Denkmäler_, _Abth._ IV. _Bl._ 38, 39. A special essay is prepared on these inscriptions. [61] The first news of the discovery of this important inscription, which had also not been noticed by the Franco-Tuscan Expedition, made some commotion. Simultaneously with the more circumstantial account in the _Preussische Staatszeitung_, a careless English notice appeared, in which the discovery of a second specimen of the inscription of Rosetta was spoken of, and the place assigned was Meroe. Later, when M. Ampère had brought an impression of the inscription to Paris, the Academician, M. de Saulcy, contrariwise put forth an argument on the opposite side asserting that the inscription had some resemblance to that of Rosetta, and referred it to Ptolemæus Philometer. I therefore took occasion to prove, in two letters to M. Letronne (_Rev. Archéol._ vol. iv. p. 1 sqq. and p. 240 sqq.) as also in an essay in the Transactions of the German Oriental Society (vol. i. p. 264 sqq.), that the document in question was prepared in the twenty-first year of Ptolemæus Epiphanes, and contained a repetition of the Rosetta inscription, the provisions of which were extended to Queen Cleopatra I., who had come to the throne in the meantime.