Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparisonFox, Herbert
Science
Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparison
Fox, Herbert
Veterinary medicine
Simple adenomata were observed in a woodchuck (_Arctomys monax_). This
diagnosis is made with the appreciation that nodular regeneration of the
liver after damage and in cirrhosis sometimes suggests tumor, but with
adenomata an increase of supporting framework may occur. The liver of
this animal presented numerous .3 to 10. cm. irregularly spherical,
encapsulated, firm or slightly resilient, brown masses which under the
microscope consisted of large pale vacuolated cells in columns or
strands not connected with bile ducts. The last feature speaks in favor
of the diagnosis of adenoma. The damage to the organ was probably
considerable and the portal circulation must have been impeded since
passive congestion and ascites were present. Enteritis and nephritis
seemed the causes of death.
Adenomata or fibroadenomata of bile duct origin were seen in four
animals, a Red Fox (_Canis vulpes pennsylvanicus_), a Gray Fox (_Canis
cinereo argenteus_), a Jaguar (_Felis onca_) and a Common Deer (_Mazama
virginiana_). The first two present similar pictures, pinpoint to 8.
mm., gray, well outlined areas some of which are clearly cystic, others
opaque and more solid. In the first fox a larger mass was found near the
hilum. Careful study and consultation has failed to discover parasites
in these cases, although their presence was strongly suspected, so that
we were forced to conclude, in view of the rather typical microscopic
picture, that they are adenomata of bile duct origin. Their scattered
distribution, but with a tendency to be more numerous beneath the
capsule, corresponds with a human case just brought to my notice. The
mass in the liver of the deer was single and resembled an infarct, with
cysts exposed by cross section. This tumor was found on the
diaphragmatic surface of the right lobe.
Tumors of an atypical, therefore malignant, epithelial variety were
found four times, in an Alpaca (_Lama pacos_) and three parrakeets;
these birds are very prone to have all kinds of tumors. The records of
the first animal could not be as satisfactory as might be desired
because of an advanced state of decomposition but there was a carcinoma-
like growth of the gall-bladder area and a large hard alveolated tumor
occupying one-half of the liver. The colon had been involved by the
former, with perforation. Two of the parrakeets showed a simple
carcinoma with well developed fibrous tissue bands running in all
directions through the large mass. The whole growth was comparable to
the usual picture of these massive tumors when they are primary in the
liver. All these three cancers seem to take their origin in the liver
cells but the third had such an interesting involvement of the
connective tissue that its minute anatomy will be given; it was
denominated adenocarcinoma sarcomatodes.
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