The results of nephritis generally speaking are edema, anemia, cardiac hypertrophy, inflammations of the serous surfaces and uremia. Aside from the cases of chronic parenchymatous nephritis cited above, edema has been decidedly inconspicuous. It may be found in avian cases of acute and subacute nephritis, about the flanks and in the thoracic areolar tissues, but is only exceptionally perceptible before the body is opened. Anemia is almost never extreme. The bone marrow although mentioned in but few histories, seems unchanged. Cardiac hypertrophy was observed ten times in 652 cases of nephritis, twice in 460 acute and subacute cases, eight in 192 chronic cases. In the former no myocarditis was found, in six of the latter it was found. Clinical and pathological experience teaches that serous surfaces are frequently inflamed during a nephritis. Observations on our material coincide with this statement, but do not offer an explanation of it. The figures should be examined for mammals and for birds separately, since the serous cavities of the former are closed, separated, and protected, whereas a close apposition exists between the serous membranes and the lungs in birds, an arrangement facilitating infection from without. Nevertheless the bird has definitely less serositis accompanying nephritis than does the mammal—4.4 per cent., _versus_ 8.6 per cent. In the former class 70 per cent. of these accompany acute nephritis associated with acute general disease while only 45 per cent. of the 8.6 per cent. of mammals had serositis, acute nephritis and general infection. This indicates clearly that mammalian renal disease has some effect upon serous membranes other than the simple participating coincidence of the two types of changes during an acute general infectious disease. No one kind of nephritis was especially characterized by this complication. Uremia, except under the best clinical conditions, is a term to use with caution. I have seen several monkeys, a few marsupials and carnivores and an occasional bird in a dazed ataxic condition, sometimes exhibiting an atypical clonic or tonic convulsion, with fixed, rather small pupils. To this picture I have applied the name uremia, and upon several occasions have found a severe grade of nephritis. I must admit having failed to find renal change, however, with this clinical picture, especially in the carnivores and parrots, animals which “throw fits” at times without apparent good reason. In so far as the monkey is concerned, I am satisfied that the picture is similar to that seen in the human being. The London Garden reports in 1917 the occurrence of uremia in a Mandrill (_Papio maimon_). CALCULI.