Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparisonFox, Herbert
Science
Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparison
Fox, Herbert
Veterinary medicine
is worthy of note from the extreme dilatation of its capillaries.
[Illustration:
FIG. 28.—PAPILLARY ADENOMA OF OVARY. WILD TURKEY (MELLEAGRIS
GALLOPAVO).
]
A papillary adenoma was found in a wild turkey (Fig. 26) and a mixed
cell sarcoma in a King parrakeet (_Apromictus cyanopygius_). None of
these tumors sent out metastases.
Interest in the avian reproductive tract from a pathological standpoint
centres around the tumors as already given, and abnormalities in egg-
bearing. Among our specimens there have been many cases of soft shelled
eggs apparently blocked in the oviduct, of “egg-binding” and of the
inspissated-egg-remains in the abdominal cavity. These conditions are
well known to veterinarians and are explained on the basis of improper
food, immaturity of the bearing fowl, injury and inflammations of the
cloaca and oviduct. I made an attempt to associate these conditions with
infectious disease incidence and with the normal egg size. The results
are not harmonious. No relation existed between general or local
infection and any of these conditions. Gallinaceous birds with their
large eggs show the highest percentage (2.3 per cent.), but Anseres with
a somewhat larger relative egg size show 1.6 per cent. Passeres, with
eggs of very variable size but relatively large pelves, have an
incidence of .6 per cent. Struthiones’ eggs are relatively small; their
incidence is 1.5 per cent.
Salpingitis occurred in seven cases, but there have been no evidences of
an acute infectious disease such as is responsible for gleet.
THE MAMMARY GLAND.
This structure has been the seat of three inflammatory conditions and
four tumors. The former occurred twice in nursing animals, one of which
seemed to be suffering with distemper, another from puerperal sepsis,
while the third case was probably traumatic. The animals were in order,
a raccoon, a coati and a skunk. Four cancers of the breast have been
observed, all richly cellular or glandular in type; none of the
scirrhous variety has been encountered. Two of them were ulcerating and
one was about to become so. One gave extension to the axilla and lung,
one had penetrated the abdominal wall and grown around the kidney; the
remainder had not yet extended. The animals were Black Bear (_Ursus
americanus_) (thoracic mamma with extension), Common Opossum (_Didelphys
virginiana_) (two sections of breast in pouch), two White footed Mice
(_Peromyscus leucopus_) (posterior abdominal right gland and whole
side). These animals were all adult but not old.
[Illustration:
FIG. 29.—ADENOCARCINOMA OF MAMMARY GLAND (TWO SECTIONS WITHIN POUCH).
COMMON OPOSSUM (DIDELPHYS VIRGINIANA).
]
SECTION X
THE MALE GENITALIA
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