If the disease is due to violent injury by a foreign body, traces of a wound may be found, but it is often useless to search for these, even when the parts have been pricked with a sharp goad. When the inflammation has resulted from ascending infection of the salivary ducts, exaggerated sensibility may sometimes be detected throughout the whole length of Stenon’s duct, particularly at the point where the duct crosses the jaw. There is always marked difficulty in moving the head, particularly towards the side, and sometimes in a vertical plane. The head is extended on the neck, and is held stiffly in such a way as to suggest the possibility of tetanus. Some observers have described as an important symptom marked swelling of the orifice of Stenon’s duct. It is certainly difficult to detect, and furthermore is of no great significance. =Diagnosis.= Although diagnosis is easy, it is a difficult matter to detect the point of origin of the disease. The salivation and difficulty in swallowing might seem to suggest pharyngitis, a condition which sometimes exists simultaneously. The distinction between this disease and the forms of chronic parotiditis, or tumour formation in the parotid (due to actinomycosis, lymphadenoma, melanoma), is also easy, on account of the slow development of the last-named conditions. The only condition liable to be confused with that under consideration is abscess of the subparotid gland. =Prognosis.= The gravity of the disease varies greatly. When inflammation is slight, resolution usually occurs in eight to fifteen days. The onset of suppuration is announced by renewal of the fever, by more marked swelling, which becomes localised at a given point, and by the existence of deep or superficial fluctuation. Care, however, is required to detect the last named. Necrosis may occur suddenly when the infecting organism is specially virulent, and may affect one-third, one-half, or the whole of the gland. The prognosis then becomes extremely grave, and if diagnosis has not been prompt and treatment energetic, death may follow in a short time from septic infection. =Treatment.= Unless some well-marked sign foreshadows a complication, treatment should be directed to ensuring resolution. Bleeding has been recommended; its good effects, however, are open to doubt, though one cannot entirely forbid it. All practitioners agree in recognising the value of vesicant applications. The affected parts may be freely dressed with an ointment containing 2 per cent. each of pulverised tartar emetic and bichromate of potash, with the ordinary cantharides blister, or even with a weak mercurial blister, provided that the animals can be prevented from licking the wound.