* =Cicuta vagans.=—Cattle are frequently killed in Oregon and Washington by eating the large fleshy rootstocks which have been washed, frozen, or dug out of the soil, or by drinking water in marshes where the roots have been trampled upon. The roots of the other species of _Cicuta_ are undoubtedly poisonous, but cases have been reported against one other species only, namely, _C. bolanderi_. It grows in marshy land in California. * =Conium maculatum.=—The well-known poison hemlock, or spotted hemlock of Europe, is an introduced weed not uncommon in the north-eastern section of the United States and in California. The plant is generally avoided by stock on account of its bad odour, but animals have been killed by eating it in the fresh state. Since the poisonous constituent is volatile, the dry plants are not so dangerous. [Illustration: $1] [Illustration: $1] POISONING BY HEMLOCK AND WILD CHERVIL (ANTHRISCUS SYLVESTRIS). Poisoning only results from ingestion of the green plants. It is characterised by salivation, nausea, dyspnœa, generalised trembling and vertigo, paraplegia, and symptoms of gastro-enteritis. POISONING BY FENNEL. [Illustration: $1] This disease, seen in Algeria, and recently studied by Bremond and Bojoly, need only be mentioned. The information at present available is indefinite, and the symptoms so closely resemble those of Texas fever that there seems a possibility of confusion having arisen. =The lesions= are those of hæmorrhagic gastro-enteritis. =Treatment= consists in giving tannin, opium, and emollients. =Oxypolis rigidus.=—The cowbane is natural in swamps throughout the eastern half of the United States. The leaves and roots are reputed to be poisonous to cattle. =Sium cicutæfolium.=—The leaves of the hemlock water parsnip, which is more or less common throughout the United States, are said to be poisonous to stock. ERICAEÆ (HEATH FAMILY). =Andromeda polifolia.=—The wild rosemary, or moorwort, is a plant native to the northern regions of Europe, Asia, and America, entering the United States only in the extreme north-east. The leaves, which have been eaten by sheep with fatal effect, contain a narcotic poison known as andromedotoxin. The plant is not very dangerous in its native habitat, because it grows in bogs which are inaccessible to stock. * =Azalea occidentalis.=—The California azalea is very much dreaded by sheep men who drive their flocks into the southern Sierras for pasture. Investigation has shown that the leaves contain a poisonous substance. * =Kalmia angustifolia.=—The narrow-leaf laurel is abundant in the north-eastern section of the United States, where it is also well known as sheep laurel and lamb-kill. The leaves contain andromedotoxin, and sheep and calves are frequently poisoned by eating them.