Two different procedures in treatment are pursued. In one, substances are passed into the digestive canal, which, being diffused in the blood, are believed to be capable of attacking the worms in the bronchial tubes. With this view, the picrate of potash (0·20 to 0·40 gram per head) is given, dissolved in thin gruel or mucilage; creosote; oil of turpentine; a mixture of equal parts of oil of turpentine and tincture of camphor—a teaspoonful every day to each lamb in a mucilaginous fluid; a mixture of creosote 120 grams, spirits of wine 500 grams, and water 700 grams—an ordinary spoonful every day to each animal; or creosote 60 grams, benzine 300 grams, water 2 litres—an ordinary spoonful given every day for eight days to each sheep. Hall states he has successfully employed prussic acid in ten-drop doses, morning and evening. But experience has shown that, while such treatment is troublesome to carry out, its efficacy cannot be relied upon. Success is more certain with fumigations, as they penetrate directly to the worms, stupefy them, and induce fits of coughing that cause expulsion. They are practised in buildings from which all forage is previously removed, and which are well closed. Into these the diseased [animals] are introduced, and on a red-hot shovel are placed rags, horns, feathers, hair, old pieces of leather, empyreumatic oil, tar, juniper berries, asafetida, etc. The intensity, duration, and number of these fumigations are graduated as the sheep become accustomed to them. At first once a day may suffice, and then the intensity should be moderate and the duration about ten minutes; afterwards two, and finally three, may be given during the day, each lasting for twenty minutes. Kowalewsky says he has obtained very good results from similar fumigations. Fumigations with chlorine, sulphur, and sulphuret of mercury or cinnabar have been recommended, but they are dangerous. (Stephen recommends as follows: Put about forty lambs at a time into an air-tight house, and place tar, sulphur, and turpentine in a pot of burning coals, suspended by a chain from the ceiling and brought as near to the heads of the animals as possible; the fumes are to be allowed to fill the house, and more ingredients are added as required, the lambs being kept in the place for twenty-five minutes each time, and the process to be repeated on three occasions.)