The hepatized ammonia, diluted in the manner formerly mentioned, or simple ointment, mixed with opium, are sometimes of use. Poultices of bitter almonds, beat up with a little olive oil into a fine pulp, and then warmed, occasionally relieve the pain, and make the ulcer more healthy. Carrot poultices, or warm poultices made of bread and strong decoction of camomile flowers, are also sometimes of use. Carbonic acid gas, or carbonated hydrogene, are sometimes of temporary, rarely of permanent advantage. Anodynes, internally, are useful here, as in other painful sores. In all cases of scrophulous inflammation or ulceration, it is useful to exhibit, alongst with the proper local treatment, such internal medicines, and to attend to the constitution, in such respects as may be deemed proper. Upon these points I have already made some observations. When the local disease cannot be cured, and has induced the scrophulous hectic; when this cannot be removed by the means commonly employed, and which have been mentioned in the dissertation on simple inflammation, then the diseased part must be removed, if its situation permit. This must not, however, be rashly done, but must be delayed until we ascertain, that our remedies, general and local, (which must be used with assiduity and care), are of no avail. It is not sufficient that the hectic continues, and that other appearances are almost stationary; they ought to be augmenting, in order to justify amputation of a useful and important part; because every practitioner must have observed the recoveries which take place, even after the hectic fever has made considerable progress. On the other hand, we must not allow the constitution to suffer too much, but must interfere, whenever we perceive that our labours are fruitless, and that the hectic is regularly and progressively increasing, and the strength sinking. When this is observed, the only chance for life is an operation; and every day this is delayed adds to the risk attending it; for there is a degree of injury, more than which the constitution cannot sustain, and which will prove fatal, even although the exciting cause be removed. To fix the proper period requires judgment in the surgeon; but he may be enabled to do so, by attending carefully to the state of all the symptoms; for whenever these continue progressively to become worse, and have reduced the patient already to a state of weakness, which cannot be much increased without danger, he may consider it as impossible to delay amputation longer with any hopes of success. Having made these observations on this species of scrophula, I shall now conclude, by shortly mentioning the mode of treatment adopted by the older practitioners.