Diversions of a NaturalistLankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
History
Diversions of a Naturalist
Lankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
Natural history
The statement that workmen splitting large blocks of stone in the
quarries have seen a toad hop out of a cavity in the interior of
the stone attracted a good deal of attention in the earlier half of
last century. I do not know whether it can be traced to any great
antiquity. I see no reason to doubt the truth of the statement in
its simple form as given above. It has, I have no doubt, repeatedly
happened--as letters to newspapers and in earlier days serious
pamphlets record--that on splitting a block of stone the workmen
engaged in the operation have seen a toad emerge from the broken mass.
The fact is that the rocks in many stone quarries are "fissured" or
cracked, so that a narrow space or "crack" extends through many feet
of thickness of rock to the surface, which is covered by vegetable
mould. Occasionally, owing to rain and flood, the mould is washed
away, and some of it carried into the cracks or fissures in the rock.
Occasionally a young toad is carried from the surface into such a
fissure and far down its sides, and eventually lodges 20 feet or
more in the thickness of the rock. The same circumstances which have
carried the toad into the fissure carry in also from time to time small
worms, grubs, insects, on which the toad may feed, but in any case
the far-spreading though narrow fissure will hold plenty of air and
moisture, and even without food a toad can remain alive for several
months provided that the temperature is about that of a cool autumn
day, its surface kept moist and the air also. Hence it is in accordance
with recognized conditions that occasionally quarrymen should "get
out" a block of stone deep below the surface in a stone quarry which
is traversed by a fissure or has a small natural cavity in it (as
limestone and other rocks often have) communicating with a fissure, and
that when they break the stone and accidentally open the fissure or
connected cavity a healthy living toad is found ensconced in it. The
recent washing of clay and powdered stone into the fissure by rain and
flood sometimes may hide its existence from the casual observation of
the workmen, and the soft material washed in may even be found fitting
closely to the toad's body. And thus it will appear that the toad is
very closely embedded in the solid stone.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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