v. 19. The point.] The divine nature. v. 27. The arrow.] Nam praevisa minus laedere tela solent. Ovid. Che piaga antiveduta assai men duole. Petrarca, Trionfo del Tempo v. 38. Contingency.] “The evidence with which we see the future portrayed in the source of all truth, no more necessitates that future than does the image, reflected in the sight by a ship sailing down a stream, necessitate the motion of the vessel.” v. 43. From thence.] “From the eternal sight; the view of the Deity. v. 49. There.] At Rome, where the expulsion of Dante’s party from Florence was then plotting, in 1300. v. 65. Theirs.] “They shall be ashamed of the part they have taken aga’nst thee.” v. 69. The great Lombard.] Either Alberto della Scala, or Bartolommeo his eldest son. Their coat of arms was a ladder and an eagle. v. 75. That mortal.] Can Grande della Scala, born under the influence of Mars, but at this time only nine years old v. 80. The Gascon.] Pope Clement V. v. 80. Great Harry.] The Emperor Henry VII. v. 127. The cry thou raisest.] “Thou shalt stigmatize the faults of those who are most eminent and powerful.” CANTO XVIII v. 3. Temp’ring the sweet with bitter.] Chewing the end of sweet and bitter fancy. Shakespeare, As you Like it, a. 3. s. 3. v. 26. On this fifth lodgment of the tree.] Mars, the fifth ot the @ v. 37. The great Maccabee.] Judas Maccabeus. v. 39. Charlemagne.] L. Pulci commends Dante for placing Charlemagne and Orlando here: Io mi confido ancor molto qui a Dante Che non sanza cagion nel ciel su misse Carlo ed Orlando in quelle croci sante, Che come diligente intese e scrisse. Morg. Magg. c. 28. v. 43. William and Renard.] Probably not, as the commentators have imagined, William II of Orange, and his kinsman Raimbaud, two of the crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon, (Maimbourg, Hist. des Croisades, ed. Par. 1682. 12mo. t. i. p. 96.) but rather the two more celebrated heroes in the age of Charlemagne. The former, William l. of Orange, supposed to have been the founder of the present illustrious family of that name, died about 808, according to Joseph de la Piser, Tableau de l’Hist. des Princes et Principante d’Orange. Our countryman, Ordericus Vitalis, professes to give his true life, which had been misrepresented in the songs of the itinerant bards.” Vulgo canitur a joculatoribus de illo, cantilena; sed jure praeferenda est relatio authentica.” Eccl. Hist. in Duchesne, Hist. Normann Script. p. 508. The latter is better known by having been celebrated by Ariosto, under the name of Rinaldo. v. 43. Duke Godfey.] Godfrey of Bouillon. v. 46. Robert Guiscard.] See Hell, Canto XXVIII. v. 12. v. 81. The characters.] Diligite justitiam qui judicatis terrarm. “Love righteousness, ye that be judges of the earth “ Wisdom of Solomon, c. i. 1. v. 116. That once more.] “That he may again drive out those who buy and sell in the temple.”