The concentration of salaries is seen to be on those between $400 and
$500, the average salary being $545. This sum represents the full amount
of wages received. To ascertain the amount it is possible to save
annually there must be deducted at least $260 for board and lodging,
and $25 for laundry expenses, leaving a cash balance of $260. Out of
this sum, however, must come other necessary expenses, as the outfit for
work,—books, stationery, etc.,—travelling expenses, car fares, society
fees, etc., and a large item for clothing. There should also be deducted
the interest on the capital invested in securing the education demanded
in preparation for the work. If all of these items are considered, and
the greater social demands entailed by the position, it seems possible
for the average domestic employee to save at least as much money as
the average teacher in the city schools. This comparison is probably
relatively higher in favor of the teacher than it should be, since in the
average wages for domestic employees are included the wages received in
agricultural districts, where wages are lower than in cities. It is also
a comparison between skilled workers on the one hand, and on the other
hand an occupation in some of the subdivisions of which the laborers are
unskilled.
It has, unfortunately, not been possible to compare the wages received in
the same city by teachers and domestic employees. A comparison, however,
can be made between the wages received in Boston for domestic service
and by the teachers in the public schools in the neighboring city of
Cambridge.
The average wages received by a cook in a private family in Boston are,
as has been seen by Table XIV, $4.45. This judgment is based on five
hundred and seventy-four returns, and is an exact average, since fifty
per cent receive more than that amount, and fifty per cent the same or
less than that. She therefore earns annually $231.40 plus $275 for
board, lodging, fuel, light, and laundry expenses, or $506.40.
Fifty-six per cent of the teachers in the city schools in Cambridge earn
annually $620, or, deducting $285 for board, etc., for fifty-two weeks,
$335 in money. This is $103 more than is received by the Boston cook, but
out of this must come numerous expenses entailed by the position, from
which the domestic employee is exempt. The cash annual savings in the two
cases cannot vary materially.
It will also be seen by reference to Tables XV and XVI that the Boston
cook earns absolutely more than does the average city teacher in Albany,
Atlanta, Baltimore, New Orleans, Paterson, Rochester, and Syracuse.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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