Many of these differences are inherent in the composition of the family,
and can never be removed; many of them are accidental and their number
could be lessened were employers so inclined; many of them grow out
of necessarily differing standards of living. This is seen where one
family of ten employs one general servant and another family of ten
employs eleven servants; one family of four employs nine servants, while
seventy-eight other families of the same size each employ only one
servant; one family of eight has sixteen servants, while each one of
eight other families consisting of eight persons employs one servant;
twenty-three families numbering seven each have one general servant,
while another family of seven has thirteen employees; in another
instance, three employees serve a family of one. These contrasts could
be multiplied indefinitely. They simply indicate in one way the hopeless
confusion that must exist at present in the matter of hours of service
required. The irregularities in even a well-regulated family are always
great. Many of these are apparently necessary, and the employee must
expect to meet them—they are often not so great as those that perplex
the mistress of the house in her share of the household duties, but
the fact cannot be ignored that they exist and have weight. The one
afternoon each week with generally one or more evenings after work is
done is not sufficient compensation.[261] It is the irregularity in the
distribution of working time rather than the amount of time demanded
that causes dissatisfaction on the part of employees. No complaint is
more often made than this, and the results of the investigation seem to
justify the complaint. To a young woman therefore seeking employment
the question of working hours assumes the aspect of a lottery—she may
draw a prize of seven working hours or she may draw a blank of fourteen
working hours; she cannot be blamed for making definite inquiries of a
prospective employer regarding the size of the family and the number of
other servants employed.
A sixth disadvantage closely connected with the preceding is the matter
of free time evenings and Sundays. This objection to housework is
frequently made;[262] it is one that can never be wholly obviated, since
the household machinery cannot stop at six o’clock and must be kept in
order seven days in the week, but were society so inclined the objection
could be lessened.
A seventh difficulty is presented to the American born girl when she
realizes that she must come into competition with the foreign born and
colored element.[263] Although much of this feeling is undoubtedly
unreasonable, it is not peculiar to domestic service. The fact must be
accepted, with or without excuse for it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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