"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens — John Shaqi
"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
Andrew Pickens rode among other sprinters, shouting. “Are you going to
leave your mothers, sisters, sweethearts and wives to such unmerciful
scoundrels, such a horde of thieves?”
On the battlefield, volley after volley of musketry thundered, cannon
boomed. The Continentals and the British regulars were slugging it out.
Daniel Morgan rode up to the milling militiamen, waving his sword and
roaring in a voice that outdid the musketry: “Form, form, my brave
fellows. Give them one more fire and the day is ours. Old Morgan was
never beaten.”
Would they fight or run? For a few agonizing moments, the outcome of the
battle teetered on the response of these young backwoodsmen.
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On the other side of the crest behind which Morgan and Pickens struggled
to rally the militia, Banastre Tarleton was absorbed in pressing home
the attack with his infantry. He seems to have paid no attention to the
rout of his cavalry on the right. Nor did any of his junior officers in
the Legion attempt to support the fleeing dragoons with reinforcements
from the 200-man cavalry reserve. At this point in the battle, Tarleton
badly needed a second in command who had the confidence to make
on-the-spot decisions. One man cannot be everywhere on a battlefield.
Unfortunately for Tarleton, Maj. George Hanger, his second in command,
was in a hospital in Camden, slowly recovering from yellow fever.
With the militia out of the way, the British infantry had advanced on
the Continentals and begun blasting volleys of musketry at them. The
Continentals volleyed back. Smoke enveloped the battlefield. Tarleton
later claimed the fire produced “much slaughter,” but it is doubtful
that either side could see what they were shooting at after the first
few rounds. The British continued to fire high, hitting few
Continentals.
To Tarleton, the contest seemed “equally balanced,” and he judged it the
moment to throw in his reserve. He ordered Major McArthur and his 71st
Highlanders into the battle line to the left of the Fusiliers. This gave
Tarleton over 700 infantrymen in action to the rebels’ 420.
Simultaneously, Tarleton ordered the cavalry troop on the left to form a
line and swing around the American right flank.
These orders, shouted above the thunder of musketry and the boom of the
cannon, were promptly obeyed. On the crest of the hill, Howard saw the
British threat developing. Once men are outflanked and begin to be hit
with bullets from two sides, they are in danger of being routed. Howard
ordered the Virginia militia on his right to “change their front” to
meet this challenge. This standard battlefield tactic requires a company
to wheel and face a flanking enemy.
[Illustration: An officer of the Maryland Regiment. He carries a
spontoon, which is both a badge of office and in close combat a
useful weapon.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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