M. Calvet[32] presents a physiological research of the action of morphine upon the various functions of the organism. A clinical study of morphine as a therapeutical agent, especially in the relations of acute to chronic morphinism. In the first he observes that both intravenous as well as subcutaneous injection of the hydrochlorate of morphine accelerates respiratory movements, succeeded by a period of retardation, and produces sometimes a momentary arrest or respiratory syncope. The same relative effects occur with the cardiac movements; at first accelerated, followed by retarded pulsations; sometimes even by cardiac syncope. During this time animal heat exhibits analogous phenomena, namely, the elevated is followed by lowered temperature. In fact, the absorption of morphine, whether by intravenous or subcutaneous injection, produces a very marked influence upon the reflex actions. In certain cases the period of exaltation does not occur, but the temperature becomes lowered, and the respiratory and cardiac movements are slower. Though he has not finally completed his researches, M. Calvet advances the opinion “that the above phenomena are the dyspnœa, dizziness, etc., sometimes seen during the operation of intravenous injection of milk.” A study of these cases[33] (milk injections) shows us that these phenomena rarely if ever present themselves until a large bulk of fluid (from two to six ounces) has been added to the blood, and that, therefore, the argument does not hold good. An interesting and novel series of careful experiments on man and animals, made by Dr. Gaspar Griswold,[34] then house physician in Bellevue Hospital, this city, although not made with that end in view, seem to demonstrate very clearly that a powerful and possibly irritant medicine (aq. ammonia dil.) when injected into a vein in quantity does not produce any untoward symptoms, but, on the contrary, were always found to have the happiest, and sometimes a most marvelous effect. Another question arises here: Is it possible for such phenomena as have been ascribed to the injection of morphia into a vein to take place without such puncture? I think so. Some of the cases reported would seem to prove it; notably that by Dr. Tupper, where the symptoms did not appear until ten minutes after the injection was made. Every insertion of a hypodermic needle, of necessity, cuts across or opens a number of capillary vessels, to which is undoubtedly due, to a certain extent, the rapidity of absorption when drugs are given in this manner. The Committee of the Medico-Chirurgical Society[35] came to the conclusion, from experiments on men and animals, that absorption of a sufficient amount of the remedy to produce decided symptoms took place in from four to ten minutes. “Experiments on a healthy man, aged thirty-two. One-sixth of a grain of acetate of morphia was employed:— Symptoms. Skin. Mouth.