Frontier and pioneer life -- Australia -- Queensland
Seeds of various grasses are ground into a paste with water and poured
into the ashes to cook, while some fruits and nuts require great
preparation before using, as they are extremely poisonous without such
treatment. In preserving game, the blacks are very cruel, they twist the
legs out of joint to prevent them getting away, and keep them alive in
this way until they are wanted for cooking.
They eat the dingo, and everything else that lives; and are very clever
at discovering the nests of the native bees; honey, or "sugar-bag," as
they call it, is a favourite food of theirs. It is only by constant
moving about from camp to camp that a supply of food can be kept up, the
women doing their share of providing by digging up yams and roots,
fishing for crayfish and mussels, and grinding seeds between two stones.
Their life is a constant worry for food from day to day, and nothing
passes them that can be eaten. A favourite food of theirs is the tuber
of the water-lily growing in lagoons, of this they even eat the stalks
or stems of the seed stalk.
The dugong, a large marine grass-feeding mammal is netted and speared;
the flesh, when dried, is similar to bacon, and in the Wide Bay dialect
is called "Koggar," the same name they give to the pig. White ants are
esteemed a treat, and their nests are broken into, and the young ones,
with the eggs winnowed from the dirt are eaten raw, as well as the
grubs, which are the larva; of some locusts or beetles, and which are
cut out of the trees.
THE CLASS SYSTEM.
All natives acknowledge the same system of class divisions, and these
correspond all over Australia. The blacks are born into these divisions,
and the idea is instilled into them from the beginning that they are to
observe them as sacred.
Though differing in name or in totem, the classes and divisions prevail
everywhere, and a blackfellow knows at once which of the divisions
corresponds to his own in a distant tribe.
All things in Nature are divided into the same classes, and are said to
be male and female; the sun, moon, and stars are believed to be men and
women, and to belong to classes similar to the blacks themselves.
The following is an instance of the system of class divisions belonging
to a tribe on the Upper Flinders River, in the Gulf of Carpentaria,
calling themselves "Yerrunthully." They had four class divisions,
namely:--
Male marries Female. Children are
Bunbury ... Woonco ... Coobaroo
Coobaroo ... Koorgielah ... Bunbury
Koorgielah ... Coobaroo ... Woonco
Woonco ... Bunbury ... Koorgielah
Each boy and girl in the tribe is born under one of these divisions, and
is subjected to the laws, connected with tribal marriages. These classes
are represented by totems, which are different in other tribes lower
down the river:--
Bunbury Carpet Snake Tharoona
Coobaroo { Brown Snake Warrineyah
{ Emu Gooburry
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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