Education -- Early works to 1800; England -- Social life and customs -- Early works to 1800; Etiquette; Home economics -- Early works to 1800; Table
l. 788-795, _Sanguineus, Colericus, Fleumaticus, Malencolicus._ Men were
divided into these four classes, according to their humours. Laurens
Andrewe says, in his _Noble Lyfe_, “And the bodij of man is made of many
diuers sortes of ly{m}mes / as senewes / vaynes / fatte / flesshe &
skynne. And also of the foure moistours / as sanguyne / flematyke /
coleryke & melancoly.” (fol. a iv. back) col. 2. In his Chapter “Howe
that man co{m}meth into the house of dethe,” he has drawings of these
four types of man, on either side of King Death & the skeleton under
him. Men die, he says in thre ways. 1. by one of the four elements of
which they are made, overcoming the others; 2. by _humidum radicale_ or
‘naturall moystour’ forsaking them; 3. by wounds; “& these thre maners
of dethes be co{n}tained in the four co{m}plexcions of man / as in the
sa{n}guyne / colerike / flematike / & mela{n}coly. The sanguyne wareth
ofte{n}tymes so olde through gode gouernau{n}ce / that he must occopy
spectacles, & liue longe or hu{m}midu{m} radicale departe frome him /
but than he dyeth. The colerike co{m}meth oftentymes to[*] dethe be
accide{n}tall maner through his hastines, for he is of nature hote &
drye. The flematike co{m}meth often to dethe thorough great excesse of
mete & drinke, or other great labours doinge / for his nature is colde
and moyste, & can not well disiest. And mela{n}coly is heuy / full of
care & heuynes / whereof he engendereth moche euyll blode that causeth
great sekenes, which bringeth him vnto dethe. Thus go we al vnto the
howse of dethe / the one thrugh ensuynge of his co{m}plexion / the other
through the ordenances of almyghty god. The thirde through the planetis
& signes of the firmame{n}t.” fol. a vi.
[Footnote *: _orig._ do.]
l. 799, _Beef._ Laurens Andrewe, _Noble Lyfe_, sign. C. i., Pt. i. says,
“Of the oxce, ca. xiiij. The oxce is a co{m}panable beste, & amonge his
co{m}pani he is very meke / & alwaye he seketh his felowe that was wont
to go in the plowghe wyth hym / and whan he fyndeth nat his felow, than
cryeth he wyth a lowde voyce, makyng gret mone / as it were one {tha}t
wolde make a mourninge co{m}playnt. A bull lyueth .xv. yere, and a oxce
.xx. yere. ¶ Isaac sayth that an oxce flessh is the dryest flesshe
amonge all other / & his blode is nat holsome to be eten, for it wyll
nat lightly disieste. & therfore it fedeth sore, & it maketh euyll
hu{m}oures, & bredeth mela{n}coly / & they melancolicus that eat moche
suche metes be like to suffer many diseases, as to gete an harde mylte /
the febris quartayn / the dropcy / mangnies, lepry, &c.”
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